GBT 8075-2005 混凝土外加剂定义、分类、命名与术语.pdf

'ICS91.100.10Q12石日中华人民共和国国家标准GBJT8075-2005代替GB/T8075-1987混凝土外加剂定义、分类、命名与术语Definition,classification,nomenclatureandtermsofconcreteadmixtures2005-01-19发布2005-08-01实施中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局发布中国国家标准化管理委员会 GB/T8075-2005月明舌本标准代替GB/T8075-1987(混凝土外加剂的分类、命名与定义》。与GB/T8075-1987相比主要变化如下:—对外加剂的定义作了修改;—对新品种外加剂和矿物外加剂进行了命名和定义;—增加了外加剂术语，并将其分为基本术语和性能术语两部分;—增加了外加剂命名和术语的中文索引和英文索引。本标准由中国建筑材料工业协会提出。本标准由全国水泥制品标准化技术委员会归口。本标准负责起草单位:中国建筑材料科学研究院。本标准参加起草单位:清华大学、中国建筑科学研究院、建筑材料工业技术监督研究中心、山东莱芜仪河化工有限公司、苏州混凝土水泥制品研究院本标准主要起草人:田培、王玲、姚燕、杨斌、吴佩刚、郭京育、吴延乐、郭涛、白杰本标准委托中国建筑材料科学研究院负责解释。本标准首次发布时间1987年，本次为第一次修订 GB/T8075-2005混凝土外加剂定义、分类、命名与术语范围本标准规定了水泥混凝土外加剂的定义、分类、命名与术语。水泥净浆和砂浆用外加剂也可参考本标准采用。2定义混凝土外加剂是一种在混凝土搅拌之前或拌制过程中加人的、用以改善新拌混凝土和(或)硬化混凝土性能的材料。以下简称外加剂3分类混凝土外加剂按其主要使用功能分为四类:3.1改善混凝土拌合物流变性能的外加剂.包括各种减水剂和泵送剂等;3.2调节混凝土凝结时间、硬化性能的外加剂，包括缓凝剂、促凝剂和速凝剂等;3.3改善混凝土耐久性的外加剂，包括引气剂、防水剂、阻锈剂和矿物外加剂等;3.4改善混凝土其他性能的外加剂，包括膨胀剂、防冻剂、着色剂等。4命名普通减水剂waterreducingadmixture在混凝土坍落度基本相同的条件下，能减少拌合用水量的外加剂。4.2早强剂hardeningacceleratingadmixture加速混凝土早期强度发展的外加剂。4.3缓凝荆setretarder延长混凝土凝结时间的外加剂4.4促凝剂setacceleratingadmixture能缩短拌合物凝结时间的外加剂。4.5引气剂airentrainingadmixture在混凝土搅拌过程中能引人大量均匀分布、稳定而封闭的微小气泡且能保留在硬化混凝土中的外加剂。4.6高效减水剂superplasticizer在混凝土坍落度基本相同的条件下，能大幅度减少拌合用水量的外加剂。4.7缓凝高效减水剂setretardingsuperplasticizer兼有缓凝功能和高效减水功能的外加剂。t GB/T8075-20054.8早强减水荆hardeningacceleratingandwaterreducingadmixture兼有早强和减水功能的外加剂。4.9缓凝减水荆setretardingandwaterreducingadmixture兼有缓凝和减水功能的外加剂4.10引气减水剂airentrainingandwaterreducingadmixture兼有引气和减水功能的外加剂4.11防水荆water-repellentadmixture能提高水泥砂浆、混凝土抗渗性能的外加剂4.12阻锈剂anti-corrosionadmixture能抑制或减轻混凝土中钢筋和其他金属预埋件锈蚀的外加剂4.13加气荆gasformingadmixture混凝土制备过程中因发生化学反应，放出气体，使硬化混凝土中有大量均匀分布气孔的外加剂4.14膨胀剂expandingadmixture在混凝土硬化过程中因化学作用能使混凝土产生一定体积膨胀的外加剂。4.15防冻剂anti-freezingadmixture能使混凝土在负温下硬化，并在规定养护条件下达到预期性能的外加剂。4.16着色剂coloringadmixture能制备具有彩色混凝土的外加剂。4.17速凝剂flashsettingadmixture能使混凝土迅速凝结硬化的外加剂泵送剂pumpingaid能改善混凝土拌合物泵送性能的外加剂。4.19保水剂waterretainingadmixture能减少混凝土或砂浆失水的外加剂。4.20絮凝荆flocculatingagent在水中施工时，能增加混凝土粘稠性，抗水泥和集料分离的外加剂。4.21增稠剂viscosityenhancingagent能提高混凝土拌合物粘度的外加剂。 GB/T8075-20054.22减缩剂shrinkagereducingagent减少混凝土收缩的外加剂。4.23保塑剂plasticretainingagent在一定时间内，减少混凝土坍落度损失的外加剂。4.24磨细矿渣groundedfurnaceslag粒状高炉矿渣经干燥、粉磨等工艺达到规定细度的产品。4.25硅灰silicafume在冶炼硅铁合金或工业硅时，通过烟道排出的硅蒸气氧化后，经收尘器收集得到的以无定形二氧化硅为主要成分的产品4.26磨细粉煤灰groundedflyash干燥的粉煤灰经粉磨达到规定细度的产品。4.27磨细天然沸石groundednaturalzeolite以一定品位纯度的天然沸石为原料，经粉磨至规定细度的产品。5术语5.1基本术语5.1.1外加剂掺fdosageofadmixture外加剂掺量以外加剂占水泥(或者总胶凝材料)质量的百分数表示5.1.2推荐掺f范围recommendedrangeofdosage由外加剂生产企业根据试验结果确定的、推荐给使用方的外加剂掺量范围5.1.3适宜掺fcompliancedosage满足相应的外加剂标准要求时的外加剂掺量，由外加剂生产企业说明，适宜掺量应在推荐掺量的范围之内。5.1.4最大推荐掺Amaximumrecommendeddosage推荐掺量范围的上限。5.1.5多功能外加荆multifunctionadmixture能改善新拌和硬化混凝土两种或两种以上性能的外加剂。5.1.6主要功能primaryfunction多功能外加剂功能中起主导作用的一种功能。 GBIT8075-20055.1.7次要功能secondaryfunction多功能外加剂除主要功能外的功能。5,1.8标准型外加荆standard-typeadmixture具有不改变混凝土凝结时间和早期硬化速度功能的外加剂。5.1.9缓凝型外加剂setretarding-typeadmixture具有延缓混凝土凝结时间功能的外加剂。5.1.10促凝型外加剂setaccelerating-typeadmixture具有促进混凝土凝结功能的外加剂。5.1.11基准水泥referencecement专门用于检测混凝土外加剂性能的水泥。5.1.12基准混凝土referenceconcrete符合相关标准实验条件规定的、未掺有外加剂的混凝土5.1.13受检混凝土testedconcrete符合相关标准实验条件规定的、掺有外加剂的混凝土5.1.14受检标养混凝土testedconcretecuredinstandardcondition按照相关标准规定条件配制的掺加有防冻剂的标准养护混凝土。5.1.15受检负温混凝土testedconcretecuringatnegativetemperature按照相关标准规定条件配制的掺加有防冻剂并按规定条件养护的混凝土。5.1.16墓准砂桨referencemortar符合相关标准实验条件规定的、未掺加外加剂的水泥砂浆。5.1.17受检砂浆testedmortar符合相关标准实验条件规定的、掺加有一定比例外加剂的水泥砂浆。5.1.18复合矿物外加荆compoundmineraladmixture由两种或两种以上矿物外加剂复合而成的产品5.2性能术语5.2.1减水率waterreducingrate在混凝土坍落度基本相同时，基准混凝土和受检混凝土单位用水量之差与基准混凝土单位用水量之比。2,2泌水率bleedingrate单位质量混凝土泌出水量与其用水量之比 GB/T8075-20055.2.3泌水率比ratioofbleedingrate受检混凝土和基准混凝土的泌水率之比。5.2.4凝结时间settingtime混凝土由塑性状态过渡到硬化状态所需时间。5.2.5初凝时间initialsettingtime混凝土从加水开始到贯人阻力达到3.5MPa所需要的时间。5.2.6终凝时间finalsettingtime混凝土从加水开始到贯入阻力达到28MPa所需要的时间。5.2.7凝结时间差differenceinsettingtime受检混凝土与基准混凝土凝结时间的差值。5.2.8抗压强度比ratioofcompressivestrength受检混凝土与基准混凝土同龄期抗压强度之比5.2.9收缩率比ratioofshrinkage受检混凝土与基准混凝土同龄期收缩率之比5.2.10钢筋锈蚀试验testofcorrosionofreinforcingsteelbar用来判定外加剂对钢筋有无锈蚀危害的试验，用新拌或硬化砂浆的阳极极化曲线来测试。5.2.11坍落度增加值slumpincreasevalue水灰比相同时，受检混凝土和基准混凝土坍落度之差5.2.12常压泌7k率比ratioofbleedingrateatnormalpressure受检混凝土与基准混凝土在常压条件下的泌水率之比。5.2.13压力泌水率比ratioofbleedingrateatpressure受检泵送混凝土与基准混凝土在压力条件下的泌水率之比。5.2.14初始坍落度initialslump混凝土搅拌出机后，立刻测定的坍落度。5.2.15坍落度保留值slumpretainvalue混凝土拌合物按规定条件存放一定时间后的坍落度值。5.2.16坍落度损失slumploss混凝土初始坍落度与某一特定时间的坍落度保留值的差值 GB/T8075-20055.2.17抗渗压力比ratioofpenetrationpressure受检混凝土抗渗压力与基准混凝土抗渗压力之比。5.2.18抗渗高度比ratioofpenetrationheight受检混凝土抗渗高度与基准混凝土抗渗高度之比。5.2.19限制膨胀率expansionrateinrestrictcondition掺有膨胀剂的试件在规定的纵向限制器具限制下的膨胀率。5.2.20吸水f比ratioofabsorption受检砂浆的吸水量与基准砂浆的吸水量之比。5.2.21需水f比ratioofwaterdemand受检砂浆的流动度达到基准砂浆相同的流动度时，两者用水量之比。5.2.22水泥砂浆工作性workabilityofcementmortar在规定的试验条件下，受检砂浆和基准砂浆的流动度相同时，受检砂浆的减水率。5.2.23总碱ftotalalkalicontent外加剂中以氧化钠当量百分数表示的氧化钠和氧化钾的总和。5.2.24活性指数indexofactivity受检砂浆和基准砂浆试件标养至相同规定龄期的抗压强度之比。5.2.25相对耐久性指标indexofrelativedurability受检混凝土经快速冻融200次后动弹性模量的保留值，用百分数来表示5.2.26pH值pHvalue液体外加剂酸碱程度的数值5.2.27固体含]asolidcontent液体外加剂中固体物质的含量。5.2.28含水率moisturecontent固体外加剂在规定温度下烘干失去水的重量占外加剂重量之比5.2.29水泥净浆流动度fluidityofcementpaste在规定的试验条件下，水泥浆体在玻璃平面上自由流淌的直径。 GB/T8075-2005命名和术语的中文索引基准水泥····································⋯⋯5.1.n加气剂··········································⋯⋯4.13保水剂······，···································⋯⋯4.19减水率·······································⋯⋯5.2.1保塑剂········，，········，·························一4.23减缩剂··········································⋯⋯4.22泵送剂··········································⋯⋯4.18K标准型外加剂·····························⋯⋯5.1.8抗渗高度比抗渗压力比常压泌水率比·········，，············，······⋯⋯5.2.12抗压强度比初凝时间····································⋯⋯5.2.5M初始坍落度·········，，······················⋯⋯5.2.14次要功能····································⋯⋯5.1.7泌水率促凝剂·········，·，··········，···················⋯⋯4.4泌水率比二州促凝型外加剂······························⋯⋯5.1.10磨细粉煤灰·42磨细矿渣····⋯⋯川D磨细天然沸石·⋯多功能外加剂二5.1.5凝结时间二d防冻剂二占凝结时间差52。.防水剂q_:1复合矿物外加剂5.1.18pH值.26G膨胀剂145.2.10普通减水剂4.1钢筋锈蚀试验固体含量⋯⋯5.2.27高效减水剂·⋯4.6n-洛硅灰425适宜掺量52Q收缩率比.口H511J1件受检标养混凝土5115含水率⋯5.2.28受检负温混凝土51，乃jes缓凝高效减水剂4.7受检混凝土51ltIl缓凝剂·⋯4.3受检砂浆⋯oO︺缓凝减水剂4.9水泥净浆流动度······一QC:.:.户︼缓凝型外加剂5.1.9水泥砂浆工作性活性指数⋯⋯5.2.24速凝剂·····⋯⋯4.171~12坍落度保留值力基准混凝土，扮:.:巧:_:we卜基准砂浆坍落度损失即1 GB/T8075-2005坍落度增加值5.2.11引气剂推荐掺量范围引气减水剂·············一”’““‘’““““‘’‘’“‘44..105W外加剂掺量早强剂··········································⋯⋯4.2早强减水剂····································⋯⋯4.8增稠剂··········································⋯⋯4.21吸水量比···⋯⋯终凝时间····································⋯⋯5.2.6限制膨胀率⋯⋯主要功能······································，⋯5.1.6相对耐久性指标着色剂·········································⋯⋯4.16需水量比···⋯⋯5.2.21总碱量··，····································⋯⋯5.2.23絮凝剂······⋯⋯4.20阻锈剂··························，···············⋯⋯4.12最大推荐掺量·····························⋯⋯5.1.4压力泌水率比5.2.13 GB/T8075-2005命名和术语的英文索引Aairentrainingadmixture，n土airentrainingandwaterreducingadmixture····⋯⋯4.户生，Q土‘anti-corrosionadmixture41︼aanti-freezingadmixture1B5.2.2bleedingrate········，⋯Ccoloringadmixture⋯4.16compliancedosagecompoundmineraladmixtureDdifferenceinsettingtimedosageofadmixtureE4expandingadmixture二.:;expansionrateinrestrictconditionF5.2.6finalsettingtime17月qflashsettingadmixture20J二flocculatingagent29fluidityofcementpasteGgasformingadmixture4.13groundedflyash⋯4.26groundedfurnaceslag4.244.27groundednaturalzeoliteHhardeningacceleratingadmixturehardeningacceleratingandwaterreducingadmixtureI5.2.24indexofactivity GB/T8075-2005indexofrelativedurability············，，·················，···············，·····························⋯⋯5.2.25initialsettingtime··················，··················，····················，·······························一5.2.5initialslump·····························································································，·⋯⋯5.2.14Mmaximumrecommendeddosage5.1.4们Moisturecontent········，·，··‘·⋯5.2.28multifunctionadmixture5.1.5P26pHvalue5.2.23plasticretainingagent4primaryfunction5.1.6pumpingaid······························，·······················································，············⋯⋯4.18Rratioofabsorption······························，·····················································，··⋯⋯5.2.20ratioofbleedingrate····························，····································，···················⋯⋯5.2.3ratioofbleedingrateatnormalpressure，···································，······················⋯⋯5.2.12ratioofbleedingrateatpressure··················，··············，·························，············⋯⋯5.2.13ratioofcompressivestrength············································································⋯⋯5.2.8ratioofpenetrationheight········································································，····⋯⋯‘5.2.18ratioofpenetrationpressure··········································································⋯⋯5.2.17ratioofshrinkage...................................................................................................5.2.9ratioofwaterdemand··························································，························⋯⋯5.2.21recommendedrangeofdosagereferenceconcretereferencecementreferencemortarSsecondaryfunctionsetacceleratingadmixture········································，·····················⋯⋯““”‘·····⋯⋯“‘4.4setaccelerating-typeadmixture·····································································，··⋯⋯5.1.10setretarder·······························，······································································⋯⋯4.3setretardingandwaterreducingadmixture··········，·····················，·················，···········⋯⋯4.9setretardingsuperplasticizer·····················，·····，···················································⋯⋯4.7setretarding-typeadmixture···············，·········································，⋯⋯“‘’“““‘’‘””’二5.1.9settingtime·············，················，，···································································⋯⋯5.2.4shrinkagereducingagent4.224.25silicafumeslumpincreasevalue·⋯5.2.11slumploss5.2.1610 GB/T8075-2005slumpretainvalue5.2.14solidcontentS.2.27standard-typeadmixture5.1.84.6superplasticizer·······································⋯⋯Ttestofcorrosionofreinforcingsteelbar···························································⋯⋯5.2.10testedconcrete·········。·······。·····················································。·····················⋯⋯5.1.13testedconcretecuredinstandardcondition·································。。·····················⋯⋯5.1.14testedconcretecuringatnegativetemperature····，，，···，，，···········，，······‘·······，···，··⋯5.1.15testedmortar········.............................................................................................S.1.17totalalkalicontent························································································⋯⋯52.23Vviscosityenhancingagent··························，·············⋯⋯“’“““‘·⋯⋯““““’4.21Wwaterreducingadmixture4.1waterreducingrate··⋯5.2.14waterretainingadmixturewater-repellentadmixture45.2-22workabilityofcementmortar'