水文学原理习题册

'水文学原理习题册一、降水量资料分析1、用算术平均法求出浙江余英溪姜湾以上流域1958年6月29日次暴雨的流域平均降水量，求出流域平均降水量累积过程（时间步长Δt=0.5小时）提示：首先画出流域内各站降水量累积过程线，取算术平均，得出流域平均降水量过程。资料：用表2－1和表2－2。表2－1姜湾流域各雨量站时段雨量摘录表月日时段降水量(mm)月日时段降水量(mm)高坞岑桃树岑62913:54062913:44014:003.414:0014.11012.3104.92020.24051.83023.115:2019.04013.2457.2508.017:000.615:004.318:001.0103.0里蛟坞306.113:440480.614:008.516:400207.817:000.315:0037.917:300.1302.717:471.016:007.1蒋家村10062913:460范坞里14:005.062913:57015:0060.014:000.15811.1205.116:34015:0031.717:000.2291.9480.416:005.9和睦桥43062913:46017:000.514:3023.918:000.415:3028.4佛堂16:007.062913:47016:43014:000.117:300.515:0027.1 500.416:0012.7姜湾站17:00014:14018:000.814:308.0葛岑15:2022.613:32017:002.0440.118:000.4501.2庄边站14:0013.262913:4404033.614:0011.515:007.314:3033.516:009.415:3427.940017:000.617:000.327:401.218:000.4表2－2姜湾流域各雨量站时段累积雨量表月日庄边桃树岭里蛟坞……时段累积雨量(mm)时段累积雨量(mm)时段累积雨量(mm)……62913:42013:44013:460……14:0011.514:0014.114:008.5……3045.01019.02016.3……15:3472.94070.815:0054.2……17:0073.515:2089.83056.9……4074.74597.016:0064.0……17:0097.61064.0……18:0098.6……2、用垂直平分法推求上述流域1958年6月29日次暴雨的流域平均降雨量，并绘出时段长为半小时的降水量过程。提示：绘出泰森多边形，计算各个多边形的权重比值fi/F.再根据各站降水量累积线，利用公式加权平均得出流域平均降水量累积线，据此求出流域平均降水量及降水量过程线。资料：用图2－1和表2－23、绘制6月29日次暴雨的等雨量线图，并用此图推求流域平均降水量。资料：用图2－2。4、根据上面题目二中所求得的平均降水量过程线，绘制平均强度历时曲线。提示：首先统计出各不同历时（0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,……小时）相应的最大平均降雨强度，列成表格，再绘出平均强度历时曲线。 5、表2-4为雨量站X的年降水量及其周围15个雨量站的平均年降水量，试用双累积曲线法检查X站资料的一致性，倘若不一致则确定发生变化的年份，并作一致性检验，分别对不修正与修正的资料计算多年平均降水量，比较其差别。表2-4X站及附近十五个站平均雨量资料单位:mm年份X站雨量X站累积雨量十五个站平均雨量十五个站累积雨量X站修正值1938340.4340.4353.1353.11939271.8612.2251.5604.61940276.9889.1256.5861.11941304.81193.9348.01209.11942337.81531.7332.71541.81943370.81902.5335.31877.11944228.62131.1276.92154.01945229.72430.8289.62443.61946246.42677.2259.12702.71947391.23068.4353.13055.81948317.53385.9330.23386.01949292.13678.0332.73718.71950276.93954.9233.73952.41951353.14308.0276.94229.31952358.14666.1335.34564.61953264.24930.3254.04818.61954200.15130.4223.55042.11955337.85468.2243.85285.91956414.05882.2259.15545.01957576.66458.8403.95948.91958353.16811.9276.96225.81959373.47185.3259.16484.91960355.67540.9261.66746.51961289.67880.5259.17005.61962350.58181.0289.77295.01963254.08435.0233.77529.09164266.78701.7259.17788.11965424.29125.9355.68143.71966236.29362.1213.48357.11967467.49829.5292.18649.21968358.110187.6231.18880.31969502.910690.5330.29210.51970434.311124.8332.79543.21971406.411531.2271.89815.0'