《水文学习题》word版

'3-8对某河35年的年最高洪水位系列用适线法作频率分析，最终确定的统计参数为`H=38.5m,σ=8.9m,CS=4CV,试求T=20a的设计洪水位。解：CV=σ`H=8.938.5=0.23∵T=20a,∴P=1T=5％查附录D（CS=4CV）,可得CV=0.23，P(％)=5时，KP=1.43∴HP=`HKP=38.5×1.43=55.1m3-9南方某河水文测验获得1971-1990年历年最大洪峰流量数据如下表所示。年份1971197219731974197519761977197819791980Q/(m3•s-1)1810402019303100462522801535330528703400年份1981198219831984198519861987198819891990Q/(m3•s-1)2110376420591645314640123431384616922857试用目估适线法推求百年一遇的洪峰流量。解：`Q=1ni=1nQi=5743720m3/s=2871.85m3/sCV=i=1n(Ki-1)2n-1=2.01680920-1≈0.35 序号m递减排序Q模比系数KiKi-1(Ki-1)2经验频率（％）146251.6100.6100.3726624.761905240201.4000.4000.1598369.52381340121.3970.3970.15761614.28571438461.3390.3390.11506119.04762537641.3110.3110.09650623.80952634311.1950.1950.03790828.57143734001.1840.1840.03382133.33333833051.1510.1510.02274938.09524931461.0950.0950.00911342.857141031001.0790.0790.00631147.619051128700.999-0.0010.00000152.380951228570.995-0.0050.00002557.142861322800.794-0.2060.04247261.904761421100.735-0.2650.07037566.666671520590.717-0.2830.08011271.428571619300.672-0.3280.10755776.190481718100.630-0.3700.13671180.952381816920.589-0.4110.16878485.714291916450.573-0.4270.18249990.476192015350.534-0.4660.21669195.2381总计5743720.000.002.016809- 由适线可得，CS=3CV的效果较好`Q=2871.85m3/s，CV=O.35，CS=1.05∴当P=1％时，Q1％=5944.73m3/s3-10年份1943194419451946194719481949195019511952Q/Q/(m3•s-1)甲76136971865321821302146乙981981543071441841272754年份1953195419551956195719581959196019611962Q/Q/(m3•s-1)甲265320178乙24693618212267548310936年份1963196419651966196719681969Q/Q/(m3•s-1)甲54乙62451311846289 4-13解:k=Q95％Qd=369377=0.979设计年径流量年内分配(m3•s-1)月份123456789101112均值流量121107168196441493833509723433226179369'