水力学中英文专业名词对照

'中英文专业名词对照一画一维流动One-dimensionalFlow二画二维流动Two-dimensionalFlow三画大气压AtmosphericPressure定理TheTheorem上临界流速UpperCriticalVelocity下临界流速LowerCriticalVelocity三维流动Three-dimensionalFlow马赫数MachNumber上举力UpIift上涌带ZoneofWaveSet-up四画升力Lift升力系数CoefficientofLift水力半径HydraulicRadius水力坡度EnergyGradient水击Water-hammer直接水击RapidClosure 间接水击SlowClosure水击联锁方程InterlockingEquation水头Head压强水头PressureHead位置水头E1evationHead作用水头ActingHead总水头TotalHead测压管水头PiezometricHead流速水头VelocityHead惯性水头AccelerationHead水头线HeadLine总水头线TotalHeadLine测压管水头线PiezometricHeadLine水头损失HeadLoss沿程水头损失FrictionalHeadLoss沿程水头损失系数FrictionalLossFactor局部水头损失LocalHeadLoss局部水头损失系数LocalLossCoefficient水轮机HydraulicTurbine水泵HydraulicPump分子扩散Mo1ecularDiffusion分子扩散系数CoefficientofMolecularDiffusion分离点PointofSeparation分散(离散)Dispersion 内区InnerRegion内摩擦力InternalFrictionalForce比压计(压差计)DifferentialGauge切应力ShearStress粘滞切应力ViscousShearStress紊流附加切应力（雷诺应力）Reyno1dsStress切应力系数CoefficientofShearingStress毛细作用Capillarity中性稳定曲线CurveofNeutralStability牛顿内摩擦定律Newton"sLawofViscosity牛顿流体NewtonianF1uid牛顿数NewtonNumber文透里管VenturiMeter无量纲数DimensionlessNumber无滑动条件NoSlipCondition井Well完全井CompletelyPenetratingWell非完全井PartiallyPenetratingWell自流井ArtesianWell井群Multiple—well水力最优断面BestHydraulicCrossSection水电比拟Electro—hydrodynamicAnalogue水面线分桥AnalysisofFlowProfile水面线计算ComputationofFlowProfile人工渠槽水面线计算ComputationofFlowProfileinArtificialChannel 天然河道水面线计算ComputationofFlowProfileinNaturalChannel分段法TheStandardStepMethod数值积分法TheGraphical—intergrationMethod水力指数法TheDirect一intergrationMethod水流强度参数FlowFunctionIntensityofShearonParticles水跃HydraulicJump自由水跃FreeJump远驱水跃RemoteJump临界水跃UndularHydraulicJump临界水跃CriticalJump弱水跃weakJump淹没水跃SubmergedJump斜坡水跃HydraulicJumpinSlopingChannels强水跃StrongJump稳定水跃SteadyJump摆动水跃OscillatingJump水跃长度LengthofJump水跃的共轭水深ConjugateDepthsofHydraulicJump水跃的表面水滚SurfaceRollerofHydraulicJump水跃的消能效率(水跃消能系数)EfficiencyofEnergydissipationbyHydraulicJump水跃的跃后水深TheSequentDepthofHydralicJump水跃的跃前水深TheInitialDepthofHydraulicJump水跃函数HydraulicJumpFunction 水跃高度HeightofJump水跌HydraulicDrop孔口出流OrificeFlow孔隙率(度)Porosity不冲流速NonscouringVelocity不淤流速NonsiltingVelocity允许流通PermissibleVelocity内在渗透率IntrinsicPermiability毛绷管水CapillaryWater分流齿ChuteBlocks牛顿流体NewtonianF1uid非牛顿流体Non—NewtonianF1uid巴赞剖面BazinProfile比能(断面单位能量)SpecificEnergy元波E1ementaryWave无阻力的正涌浪和负涌浪FrictionlessPositiveandNegativeSurgeWaves五画汇Sink卡门通用常数VonUniversalConstant外区OuterRegion司托克斯定律StokesTheoremofVortexMotion司托克斯流动StokesF1ow 平面上的静水总压力TotalHydrostaticForceonP1aneArea平面势流Two-dimensionalPotentialFlow平移Translation边界层BoundaryLayer层流边界层LaminarBoundaryLayer紊流边界层TurbulentBoundaryLayer边界层方程BoundaryLayerEquation边界层分离SeparationofBoundaryLayer边界层动量积分方程式MomentumIntegralEquationofBoundaryLayer边界层厚度BoundarylayerThickness加速度Acceleration当地加速度(时变加速度)LocalAcceleration迁移加速度(位变加速度)ConvectiveAcceleration史密特数SchmidtNumber电算实例ExamplesofComputerSolution管网电算ComputerSolutionofPipeNetwork水击电算ComputerSolutionofWater-hammer包气带ZoneofAeration司托克斯定律StokesLaw布辛尼斯克方程BoussinesgEquation平底梯形断面明槽中的水跃Hydrau1icJumpinHorizontalTrapezoidalChannels平底矩形断面扩散槽中的HydraulicJumpinHorizontalRectangularDivergingChannels 平底矩形明槽的水跃共轭水深关系式EquationofConjugationDepthofHydraulicJumpforHorizontalRectangularChannels平底棱柱形明槽中的水跃方程式EquationofHydraulicJumpforHorizontalPrismaticChannels平整(形态)F1atBed(PlaneBed)平衡输沙EquilibriumTransportofSediment不平衡输沙Non-equilibriumTransportofSediment边界条件BoundaryCondition自然边界条件NaturalBoundaryCondition边界雷诺数BoundaryReynoldsNumber正常水深NormalDepth长波LongWave圣维南方程Saint—VenantEquation六画压力中心CenterofPressure压力体PressurePrism压力表PressureGauge风箱式压力表Bellows-typePressureGauge隔膜式压力表Diaphragm-typePressureGauge弹黄式压力表Spring—typePressureGauge管环式压力表(布尔登压力表)Bourdon—typePressureGauge压力梯度PressureGradient压应力CompressiveStress 压强Pressure相对压强(计示压强)RelativePressure(GaugePressure)绝对压强Abso1utePressure真空压强(负压)VacuumPressure(NegativePressure)压强分布图PressureDistributionDiagram静水压强分布图HydrostaticPressureDistributionDiagram压强场PressureField压强系数PressureCoefficient压强势能PotentialEnergyofPressure压缩性Compressibility动力水流(摩阻流速、剪切流速)FricionVelocity动水压强PressureinFlowingF1uid动态特性DynamicCharacteristics动能KineticEnergy动能修正系数KineticEnergyCorrectionFactor动量方程MomentumEquation动量矩方程MomentofMomentumEquation动量修正系数MomentumCorrectionFactor动量损失厚度MomentumThickness充分发展的紊流FullyDevelopedTurbulence过水断面CrossSection过渡层BufferRegion自由出流FreeDischarge自由紊流FreeTurbulence 自动记录AutomaticRecording毕托管PitotTube有势力PotentialForce势流动(无涡流动)PotentialFlow(IrrotationalFlow)有涡流动(有旋流动)RotationalFlow曲面上的静水总压力TotalHydrostaticForceonCurvedSurface共振Resonance扩散Diffusion费克扩散定律Fick’sLawofDiffusion多普勒效应DopplerEffect当量粗糙度EquivalentRoughness传感器Sensor光滑壁面SmoothWall收缩断面VenaContracta动力流速FrictionVelocity动床MovableBed动床水力学FluvialHydraulics地下水Groundwater地下水面GroundwaterSurface地下水动力学GroundwaterDynamics导水系数CoefficientofTransmissibility导水率Transmissivity多孔介质PorousMedium自由出流FreeOutflow冲击波ShockWave 冲刷坑最大水深MaximumWaterDepthinscourPit冲泻质waveLoad各向同性Isotropy各向异性Anisotropy达西定律DarcysLaw有限元法FiniteE1ementMethod有限差分法FiniteDifferenceMethod有限振幅立波FiniteAmplitudeStandingWave浅水立波StandingWaveinSha11owWater深水立波StandingWaveinDeepwater有限振幅推进波FiniteAmplitudeProgressiveWave浅水推进波ProgressiveWaveinShallowWater深水推进波ProgressiveWaveinDeepWater有效溢流宽度EffectivewidthofTheSpillway过渡(形态)Transition过渡段的急流SupercriticalFlowThroughTransitions过镀段的缓流SubcriticalFlowThroughTransitions扩散法DiffusiveScheme扩散系数DiffusionCoefficient收缩断面VenaContracta收缩断面水深ContractionalDepth七画阻力Drag 压强阻力(形状阻力)PressureDrag(FormDrag)摩擦阻力FrictionalDrag阻力系数DragCoefficient应力张量StressTensor均方根值Root-mean-square均匀流UniformFlow纵向移流分散LongitudinalConvectiveDispersion运动方程EquationofMotion一维非恒定流运动方程One-dimensionalUnsteadyFlowEquation水击运动微分方程DifferentialEquationforWater-hammer紊流时均的运动方程(雷诺方程)ReynoldsEquation粘滞性液体的运动方程(纳维埃—司托克斯方程)Navier-StokesEquation理想液体的运动方程(欧拉方程)EulerEquation佛汝德数FroudeNumber佛汝德相似准则(重力相似准则)FroudeSimilarityCriterion攻角AttackAngle时间平均法Time-averageMethod时间平均流动MeanMotion时均值Time-averageValue形状系数ShapeFactor表面力SurfaceForce表面张力SurfaceTension表面张力系数CoefficientofSurfaceTension角变形AngularDeformation角变率RateofAngularDeformation 角转速AngularVelocity尾流wakeFlow层流LaminarFlow层流翼型LaminarAirfoil体积力BodyForce体积压缩系数CoefficienofVolume（bulk）Compressibility体积弹性系数CoefficienofVolume（bulk）Elasticity体积膨胀率RateofVolumeExpansion连通管（U形管）U-tube连续介质ContinuumMedium连续方程ContinuityEquation一维恒定流连续方程ContinutiyEquationofOne–dimentionalSteadyFlow一维非恒定流连续方程ContinuityEquationofOne–dimentionalUnsteadyFlow水击连续微分方程DifferentialContinuityEquationofWater-hammer连续性微分方程DifferentialEquationofContinuity时均流动的连续方程DifferentialContinuityMeanMotion扩散物质的连续方程(费克扩散方程)ContinuityEquationofDiffusionSubstances连续扩散源SourceofContinuousDiffusion附着力Adhesion位置势能PotentialEnergyofE1evation位移厚度DisplacementThickness伯诺世方程BernoulliEquation伯诺坐积分BernoulliIntegral 扬程PumpHead压水扬程DischargeHead吸水扬程SuctionHead总扬程TotalDeliveryHead纯数PureNumber间歇现象Intermittency含水层Aquifer无压含水层UnconfinedAquifer承压含水层ConfinedAquifer含沙浓度（含沙量）SedimentConcentration体积比浓度ConcentrationbyVolume重量比浓度ConcentrationbyWeight均匀流UniformFlow非均匀流Non-uniformFlow均质土坝渗流SeepagefromHomogeneousEarthDam均质土壤HomogeneousSoil完全收缩CompleteContraction沙纹（形态）Ripple沙垄（形态）Dune床沙BedMaterial床沙质BedMaterialLoad床面形态（沙波运动）BedForms(SandWaves)时间步长TimeInterval克里格尔剖面CreagerProfile护坦Apron 里兹法RitsMethod初始条件InitialCondition两相流动Two-phaseFlow佛汝德数FroudeNumber沉速（沉降流速）FallVelocity(TerminalSettlingVelocity)坎端水深DepthatTheBrink吹程Fetch余波Swell余弦推进波SimpleHarmonicProgressiveWave位移波的分类ClassificationofTranslatoryWave深水波；浅水波Deep-waterWave；Sallow-waterWave连续波；不连续波ContinuousWave；DiscontinuousWave顺水波；逆水波DownstreamWave；UpstreamWave涨水波（正波）；落水波（负波）PositiveWave；NegativeWave阻力Drag阻力系数DragCoefficient压强阻力PressureDrag形状阻力FormDrag床面阻力BedResistance沙波阻力（床面形态阻力）BarResistance沙粒阻力GrainResistance表面阻力SkinResistance岸壁阻力BankResistance摩擦阻力FrictionForce 八画空化，空穴Cavitation空穴数CavitationNumber初生空穴数IncipientCavitationNumber空蚀CavitationDamage非均匀流Non-uniformFlow急变流RapidlyVariedF1ow渐变流GraduallyVariedF1ow非恒定流UnsteadyFlow波动方程WaveEquation波速VelocityofWavePropagation表现扩散系数CoefficientofApparentDiffusion单位Unit工程单位制UnitSystemofEngineering国际单位制(SI)SystémeInternationaled’Unites单位换算ConversionofUnits真值RealValue线变形LinearDeformation线变率RateofLinearDeformation拐点PointofInflexion驻点(滞止点)StagnationPoint定倾中心Metacenter拉格朗日法LagrangianMethod拉普拉斯方程LaplaceEquation 势流叠加原理SuperpositionPrincipleofPotentialFlow泊肃叶流动PoiseuilleFlow阿基米德原理ArchimedesPrincipe环量Circulation质量力MassForce闸下出流OutflowunderGates闸孔非恒定出流UnsteadyOutflowofSluiceGate闸孔恒定出流SteadyOutflowofSluiceGate闸孔净宽ClearSpanofTheGatebetweenPiers闸前水头ApproachHeadbeforeSluice闸墩收缩系数CoefficientofPierContraction降水曲线FallingCurve波长WaveLength波节WaveNode波压强WavePressure净波压强NetWavePressure波谷WaveValley波周期PeriodofWave波的反射Reflection波的传播WavePropagation波的折射Inflection波的破碎BreakingofWave波的绕射Diffraction波的爬高WaveRun-up波陡WaveSteepness 波能WaveEnergy波高WaveHeight波速WaveSpeed波浪中线MidwaterLevelofWave波浪要素WaveElements波峰WaveGrest波锋（波额、波前）WaveFront波群WaveGroup波群速WaveGroupVelocity波腹WaveLoop表面张力波CapillaryWave势波PotentialWave势波的叠加SuperpositionofPotentialWave孤立波SolitaryWave岩石河床的抗冲系数Anti-scourCoefficientofRockBed承压水ConfinedWater定床FixedBed定床水力学RigidBoundaryHydraulics泥沙的起动InitiationofMotionofSediment侧收缩系数CoefficientofSideContraction非均质土壤NonhomogeneousSoil非恒定流连续方程EquationofContinuityforUnsteadyFlow非恒定急变流UnsteadyRapidlyVariedFlow非恒定渐变流UnsteadyGraduallyVariedFlow 非恒定渐变流动的运动方程DynamicEquationforUnsteadyGraduallyVariedFlow非粘性泥沙Non—cohesiveSediment非饱和带UnsaturatedZone饱和带SaturatedZone明槽中的非恒定流动UnsteadyFIowinopenChannels明槽急变流RapidlyVariedFlowinOpenChannels明槽恒定非均匀渐变流基本方程TheBasicEquationofSteadyGraduallyVariedFlow明槽掺气水流Self—AeratedOpenChannelFlow底流型消能EnergyDissipationbyHydraulicJump面流型消能EnergyDissipationofSurfaceRegime拉格朗日连续方程LagrangianEquationofContinuity拉格朗日运动方程LagrangianEquationofMotion拉普拉斯方程LaplaceEquation质量系数CoefficientofMass变分原理VariationalPrinciple底坡（槽底纵坡）SlopeofChannelBed陡坡（急坡）SteepSlope临界坡CriticalSlope缓坡MildSlope九画相Phase相对平衡RelativeEquilibrium 相对粗糙度RelativeRoughness相似条件SimilarityCondition几何相似GeometricSimilarity动力相似DynamicSimilarity运动相似KinematicSimilarity相似原理TheoryofSimilarity相似准则SimilarityCriterion压力相似准则PressureForceSimilarityCriterion表面张力相似准则SurfaceTensionSimilarityCriterion重力相似准则GravityForceSimilarityCriterion弹性力相似准则E1asticityForceSimilarityCriterion惯性力相似准则InertiaForceSimilarityCriterion粘滞力相似准则ViscosityForceSimilarityCriterion相似准数SimilarityCriterionNumber氢气泡法HydrogenBubbleTechnique总流TotalFlow指示部分IndicatingComponent脉动F1uctuation脉动值FluctuatingValue转动Rotation转捩点TransitionPoint诱导流速InducedVelocity柯西数CauchyNumber柯西一黎曼条件Cauchy-RiemannConditions 柯埃梯流动CouetteFlow测压管Piezometer测针PointGauge虹吸管SiphonPipe欧拉方程EulerEquation欧拉法EulerianMethod欧拉积分EulerIntegral欧拉数EulerNumber恒定流SteadyFlow恒定势流的能量方程EnergyEquationofSteadyPotentialFlow重度(容重)SpecificWeight复势ComplexPotential误差Error系统误差SystematicError相对误差RelativeError绝对误差AbsoluteError偶然误差RandomError绝壁物体BluffBody重力水GravitationalWater贮水系数StorageCoefficient显式网格NetworkforTheExplicitMethod逆行沙浪Anti—dunes(MovingUpstream)顺行沙浪Anti一dunes(MovingDownstream)费克定律Fick’sLaw相角Phase 挟沙水流Sediment—1adenFlow挟沙能力CarryingCapacity垂直收缩系数CoefficientofVerticalContraction急变流RapidlyVariedFlow急变流的断面单位能量SpecificEnergyofRapidlyVariedFlow急流SupercriticalFlow急流弯段水流SupercriticalFlowinCurvedChannel恒定流SteadyFlow非恒定流UnsteadyF1ow恒定渗流SteadySeepageFlow恒定降深ConstantDrawdown重度SpecificWeight临界水深CriticalDepth临界流CriticalFlow临界流速CriticalVelocity挑流的冲刷系数CoefficientofScourforJetErosion挑流型消能EnergyDissipationofSki—jumpTypebyTrajectoryBuckets挑流射程HorizontalDistanceoftheJetTrajectory建筑物出流的流速系数CoefficientofVelocityforDischargefromOutletWorks齿槛DentatedSill十画浮力BuoyantForce浮心CenterofBuoyancy 浮体FloatingBody钽丝水位计Tantalum-wireLevelGauge调节器Regulator调压井SurgeChamber(Tank)紊动扩散TurbulentDiffusion紊动扩散系数CoefficientofTurbulentDiffusion紊流TurbulentF1ow紊流光滑区HydraulicallySmoothRegionOfTurbulentFlow紊流过渡区TransitionRegionofTurbulentFlow紊流粗糙区CompletelyRoughRegionofTurbulentFlow紊流扩散基本方程FundamentalEquationofTurbulentDiffusion紊流的半经验理论Semi-empiricalTheoriesofTurbulence紊流强度IntensityofTurbulence流场FlowFie1d流网FlowNet流动型态TypeofFlow流线Streamline流线型体StreamlineBody流函数StreamFunction流速分布的相似性SimilarityofVelocityProfiles流速仪CurrentMeter热丝流速仪Hot-wireAnemometer热膜流速仪Hot-filmAmemometer)旋浆流速仪Rotor-typeCurrentMeter 激光测速仪Laser-DopplerAnemometer流速场VelocityField流速势VelocityPotential流速系数CoefficientOfVelocity流量Discharge(RateofFlow)单宽流量DischargeperUnitWidth流量系数CoefficientofDischarge流量模数ModulusofDischarge流管StreamTube圆柱绕流FlowAroundacylinder速度Velocity相对速度RelativeVelocity绝对速度Abso1uteVelocity牵连速度VelocityofFollowing特征线法MethodofCharacteristics原型Prototype基准面DatumPlane射流Jets平面射流P1aneJets自由射流FreeJets紊动射流TubulentJets圆形断面射流（轴对称射流)RoundJets淹没射流SubmergedJets射流的主体段FullyEstablishedZoneofJetFlow 射流的扩散角SpreadAngleoftheJet射流的初始段InitialZoneofFlowEstabliShmentofJet射流源SourceoftheJet能量方程EnergyEquation能量损失厚度EnergyThickness流量计F1owMeter电磁流量计MagneticF1ow—meter孔板流量计OrificeMeter浮子流量计F1oat-typeCurrentMeter涡轮流量计TurbineF1ow—meter宾汉流体BinghamF1uid流网FlowNet流速系数CoefficientofVelocity流速势VelocityPotential流量系数CoefficientofDischarge流量模数ModulusofDischarge紊动附加应力(雷诺应力)Turbulence(ReynoldsStresses)起动流速CriticalVelocity特征线CharacteristicLine顺特征方向Forward(Positive)CharacteristicDirection逆特征方向Backward(Negative)CharacteristicDirection特征线法Methodofcharacteristics消能池(消力池，静水池)stillingBasins消能戽(消力戽)RollerBuckets 消能墩(消力墩)BafflePiers消能墙BaffleWall浸润线LineofSeepage(DeppresionLine)涡街VortexStreet泰斯方程TheisEquation破碎带ZoneofWaveBreaking海漫Riprap十一画剪切流动ShearF1ow剪切变形ShearStrain曼宁公式ManningFormula混合长度MixingLength混掺Mixing淹没出流SubmergedDischarge液体的平衡微分方程DifferentialEquationofLiquidEquilibium液体振荡OscillationofLiquid密度Density偶极Doublet惯性Inertia惯性力IncrtiaForce弹性E1asticity弹性波E1asticWave断面平均流速MeanVelocity粘性底层ViscousSublayer 粘性底层的名义厚度NominalThicknessoftheViscousSublayer粘滞性Viscosity粘滞系数CoefficientofViscosity运动粘滞系数(运动粘度)CoefficientofKinematicViscosity动力粘滞系数CoefficientofDynamicViscosity旋涡Vortex组合涡CombinedVortex线涡LineVortex势涡PotentialVortex强迫旋涡ForcedVortex自由旋涡FreeVortex移流分散系数CoefficientofConvectiveDispersion理想液体IdealLiquid粗糙Roughness粗糙度Roughness粗糙系数(糙率)CoefficientofRoughness粗糙雷诺数Reyno1dsNumberofRoughness粗糙壁面RoughWall掺气浓度(含气比)AirConcentration曼宁公式ManningFormula隐式网络NetworkfortheImplicitMethod混合长度MixingLength跃后段长度LengthoftheRegionforTurbulenceDissipationbehindaHydraulicJump偏折水流(折冲水流)DeflectedStream 淹没出流SubmergedOutfIow淹没系数CoefficientofSubmergence淹没条件SubmergedCondition辅助消能工Stilling-basinAppurtenance粘性底层ViscousSublayer粘性泥沙CohesiveSediment弹性贮存E1asticStorage惯性力InertialForce控制断面ControlSection控制水深ControlDepth涵洞过流FlowThroughCulvert明流(无压流动)OpenFlow半满流(半有压流)PartlyFullFlow满流(有压流)FullF1ow自由进流FreeInflow淹没进流SubmergedInflow断面环流SecondaryFlowinthePlaneofCrossSection断面突变的明流FlowThroughSuddenTransition淤积Deposition渗流SeepageFlow(Filtration)急变渗流RapidlyVariedSeepageFlow渐变渗流GraduallyVariedSeepageFlow非均匀渗流NonuniformSeepageFlow非位定渗流UnsteadySeepageFlow河渠渗流SeepagefromChannelandCanal 渗流的运动方程EquationofMotionofSeepageFlow渗流的连续方程EquationofContinuityofSeepageFlow渗流压力SeepagePressure渗透系数CoefficientofPermeability渗透流速SeepageVelocity推移力TractiveForce临界推移力CriticalTractiveForce推移质BedLoad推移质运动强度IntensityofTransport悬移质SuspendedLoad粗糙系数CoefficientofRoughness天然河道的粗糙系数CoefficientofRoughnessofNaturalRiver综合粗糙系数CoefficientofCompositeRoughness十二画谢才公式ChézyFormula谢才系数ChézyCoefficient量水堰Weir量水槽Flow-measurringF1ume量纲Dimension基本量纲FundamentalDimension诱导量纲DerivedDimension量纲分析DimensionalAnalysis量纲和谐原理TheoryofDimensionalHomogeneity等压面EquipressureSurface 等势线EquipotentialLines湿周WettedPerimeter涡线VortexLine涡环VortexRing涡通量VortexFlux涡街VortexStreet涡粘性系数CoefficientofEddyViscosity涡量(旋度)Vorticity涡管VortexTube斯特罗哈数StroulhalNumber普朗特数PrandtlNumber散度Divergence谢才公式ChezyFormula谢才系数ChezyCoefficient跃水消能池Drop-structureStillingBasins溃坝波Dam—breakWave蛙步法LeapFrogScheme趋近流速ApproachVelocity趋近流速水头ApproachVelocityHead缓流SubcriticalFlow缓流弯段水流SubcriticalFlowinCurvedChannel期特利克勒公式StricklerFormula插值函数InterpolationFunction距离步长DistanceInterval短管出流EfflexfromshortTube 短波ShortWave十三画源Source雷诺应力Reyno1dsStress雷诺数Reyno1dsNumber临界雷诺数CriticalReyno1dsNumber雷诺相似准则Reyno1dsSimilarityCriterion雷列法Rayleigh’sMethod迹线PathLine跟踪水位计Tracking—typeLevelGauge堰Weir三角形薄壁堰Triangu1arSharp-crestedWeir薄壁堰Sharpcrestedweir低溢流堰LowSpillway驼峰堰Camel’sHumpWeir矩形薄壁堰RectangularSharp—crestedWeir梯形剖面堰TrapezoidalProfileWeir高溢流堰HighSpillway宽项堰Broad-crestedWeirWES标准剖面堰WES—StandardSpillwayShapes堰上水头HeadonCrest堰上总水头TotalHeadonCrest堰顶溢流OverflowWeir堰高WeirHeight 裘布衣公式DupitFormula输沙率TransportRate微波SmallAmplitudeWave棱柱形槽PrismaticChannel非棱柱形槽Non—Prismatic溢流水舌OverflowNappe自由溢流FreeOverflow淹没溢流SubmergedOverflow奥基剖面OgeeProfile十四画管网PipeNetwork分枝管网BranthingPipes环状管网LoopingPipes管流PipeFlow长管LongPipe并联管道PipesinParallel串联管道PipesinSeries沿程均匀泄流PipewithUniform管道DischargealongtheLine短管ShortTube静水压强HydrostaticPressureIntensity静止液体基本方程BasicEquationofHydrostatics静态特性StaticCharacteristics 蒸汽压强VaporPressure精度Precision稳定性Stability数据处理DataProcessing颗粒直径(粒径)GrainDiameter中值粒径MedianDiameter平均粒径MeanDiameter沉降粒径SedimentationDiameter筛孔粒径SieveDiameter等容粒径NominalDiameter管咀出流NozzleEffex十五画潜体SubmergedBody模型Model模型比尺ModelScale长度比尺LengthScale加速度比尺AccelerationScale时间比尺TimeScale作用力比尺ForceScale速度比尺VelocitySca1e流量比尺DischargeScale模型试验ModelExperiment壅水曲线BackwaterCurve(RisingCurve)横向水面超高Superelevation 影响半径RadiusofInfluence十六画薄膜水PellicularWater薄壁小孔口SharpEdgedOrifice十七画瞬时扩散源SourceofInstantaneousDiffition瞬时流速InstantaneousVelocity瞬时值InstantaneousValue翼型Airfoil螺旋流SpiralFlow十八画瞬态法TheMethodofFiniteIncrements二十画蠕动CreepMotion 附录二水力学名人简介三画～四画文透里(文丘里)AbbeGiovansiBattistaVenturi，1746～1822,意大利工程师、物理学家韦伯MoritzWeber1871～1951德国造船技师，船舶力学(Navalmecha-nics)教授切尔托乌索夫М.л.Чертоусов1892～1960苏联技术科学博士，水力学家戈达Y．Goda厄塞尔F．Ursell厄里瓦托斯基E．A．Elevatorski牛顿(Sir)IsaacNewton1642～1727，英国数学家，物理学家，剑桥大学教授乌根秋斯А．А．Угинчус(1899～1972)苏联水力学家巴斯加(帕斯卡)BlaisePascall623～1662，法国数学家，物理学家，哲学家巴赞(巴青)HenriEmileBazin1829～1917，法国工程师巴甫洛夫斯基HикодайНиколаевичПавдовский1884～1937,苏联科学院院士，水力学及流体力学家巴克米特夫BorisAlexandrovitchBakhmeteffl880～1952俄国教授，水力学家，哥伦比亚大学教授五画～六画兰姆SirHoraceLamb1849～1934，英国应用数学家，地球物理学家艾黎SirGeorgeBiddleAiryl801—1892，潮汐与波浪力学专家艾斯考弗FrancisF．Escoffier 布拉休斯PaulRichardHeinrichBlasius1883～1970,德国工程师，水力学家布辛涅斯克JosephValentinBoussinesql842—1929，法国数学家，力学家及理论物理学家卡曼TheodorevonKármán1881～1963匈牙利工程师，德国教授，空气动力学家，美国工程师，水动力学及紊流力学专家白金汉EdgarBuckingham1867～1940，美国物理学家丘加耶夫P．P．Чугаевl904—1981，苏联水力学家尼古拉兹JohannNikuradse1894～，德国工程师圣·维南Jean-ClaudeBarrédeSaint-Venantl797～1866，法国工程师，水力学及弹性力学专家圣福鲁G．Sainflou佛汝德WilliamFroude1810～1879，英国工程师(造船技师)弗朗西斯JamesBichenoFrancisl815—1892，美国工程师司处利克勒A.Strickler汤姆逊ProfessorJamesThomson英国水力学家齐恩A．K．Jain印度流体力学家达·芬奇LeonardedaVincil452—1519，意大利美术家，科学家及工程师达兰贝尔JeanleRondd´Alembert1717～1783，法国数学家，哲学家达西HenryPhilibertGaspardDarcy1803～1858，法国工程师毕托MenridPitotl695～1771，法国工程师，发明家刚吉勒EmileOscarGanguillet1818—1894,瑞士工程师伊本ArthurThomasIppenl907—1974，双亲是德国人，生于伦敦，受教 育于Aachen(德国)，1932到美国Iowa市，水力学家伊兹巴什C．B．Избаш七画沙特克维奇A．A．Саткевич沙乌缅·B．A．Шаумян1908～1964沙玉清1907．4～1966．10；泥沙专家沙莫夫Г．И．Кузьмин沈学文HsienWenShen1931～美籍华人，泥沙专家库特WilhelmRudolphKutter1818～1888，瑞士工程师库兹明И．A．Кузьмин杜比ArseneJumesEmileJuvenalDupuit1804～1866法国工程师，水力学家及经济学家坎莱根GarbisHovannesKeulegan1890～，美泥沙专家克兰(恩)StephenJayKline1922～，美流体力学家克里格WilliamP．Creager美垦务局工程师克希荷夫GustavRobertKirchhoff1824～1887，德国物理学家别兰格Jean-Baptiste-CharlesBelangerorJ．B．Belanger1790(或1789)～1874法国水力学家别列津斯基A．P．Верзинекий伯诺里DanielBernoulli1700～1782，瑞士物理学家，数学家伽利略GalileoGalilei1564～1642，意大利物理学家及天文学家希尔兹AlbertFrankShields1908～1974，原为俄亥俄(美国)人，1933年作为交换学者到柏林，研究推移质运动阿基米德Archimedes287～212B．C.,希腊哲学家，物理学家 阿格罗斯金И．И．Ароскин1900～1968，苏联水力学家，技术科学博士阿列维LorenzoAllievi1856～1941(或1942)，意大利水力学家阿勉MichaelAmein纳维埃LouisMarieHenriNavier1785～1836,法国工程师纳格勒FloydAugustNagler1892～1933，美国水力学家八画波达波夫M．B．Потапов1887～1949，苏联河流动力学及迳流调节专家泊肖(或瑟)叶JeanLouisPoiseuille1799—1869，法国物理学家拉格朗日JosephLouisLagrange1736～1813，法国数学家及天文学家拉普拉斯PierreSimonLaplaceorMarquisdeLaplacel749—1827法国数学家及天文学家拉克斯P．D．Lax拉哈曼诺夫К．И．Рахманов1900～范诺尼VitoAugustVanoni1904～，美国泥沙专家欧拉LeonhardEuler1707～1783，瑞士数学家及物理学家欧姆GeorgSimonOhm1787～1854，德国物理学家英格隆F．Engelund罗辛斯基К．И．Россинский金HoraceWilliamsKing(orHoraceKing)1874～1951,美国水力学家，工程师九画茹可夫斯基НиколайЕгоривичЖуковский1847～1921,苏联水力学家、流体力学家 胡克RobertHook1635～1703，英国实验主义哲学家、物理学家柯朗RichardCourant1888～1972，美国数学家，Gottingen教授，1934年到美国，NewYork大学教授柯西BaronAugustinLouisdeCauchy1789～1857，法国数学家柯瓦兹勒L．S．G．Kovasznay柯列布鲁克C．F．Colebrook哈密顿WilliamRowanHamilton1805～1865，英数学家，物理学家哈根GotthilfHeinrichLudwigHagen，德国水利工程师费克A．Fick十画～十一画高斯KarlFriedrichGauss1777～1855，法国数学家，物理学家及天文学家宾汉(宾厄姆)EugeneCookBingham1878—1945，美国化学家，流变学(Rhelogy)的奠基人唐存本泰勒BrookTaylor1685～1731，英国数学家栗原道德钱宁1922—1986，泥沙专家，教授爱因斯坦HansAlbertEinstein1904～1973，河流动力学及泥沙专家爱格利Hegly梅叶—彼特EuegèneMeyer-Peter1883～，瑞士泥沙专家曼宁RobertManning1816～1897，爱尔兰工程师维杰尔尼可夫B．B．Ведерников1904～1980，苏联水力学家'