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斯坦中学办公楼施工设计毕业论文

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'斯坦中学办公楼施工设计毕业论文目录摘要IABSTRACTII1建筑设计说明11.1工程概况11.2设计资料11.2.1工程地质条件:11.2.2自然条件:11.3设计说明12结构设计说明22.1工程概况22.2设计依据22.3工程材料32.4柱网布置33结构设计33.1梁柱尺寸初定33.2楼屋面板设计43.2.1屋面板设计41、屋面板平面布置42、屋面均布荷载标准值43、屋面板弯矩配筋计算53.2.2楼面板设计71、楼面板平面布置72、楼面均布荷载标准值83、屋面板弯矩配筋计算83.3框架结构计算113.3.1框架结构计算简图113.3.2梁柱线刚度计算123.3.3荷载统计131、恒荷载标准值132、活荷载标准值163、风荷载174、地震荷载203.3.4框架结构内力计算221、恒荷载作用下的内力计算2278 2、活荷载作用下的内力计算293、风荷载作用下内力计算364、地震荷载作用下内力计算413.3.5水平荷载作用下的框架侧移验算461、风荷载作用下的侧移462、地震荷载作用下的侧移473.3.6内力组合471、各层梁内力组合482、各层柱内力组合533.3.7内力调整581、柱端弯矩调整592、梁、柱端截面剪力调整593.3.8梁截面设计611、正截面受弯承载力计算622、梁斜截面设计653.3.9柱截面设计661、柱轴压比验算662、柱正截面承载力设计673、柱斜截面配筋计算723.3.10楼梯设计731、楼梯斜板设计742、平台板设计753、平台梁设计75结论76参考文献77致谢7878 1建筑设计说明1.1工程概况本设计为斯坦中学办公楼,总建筑面积约5000-5500m2,其层数为5层。建筑耐久等级为Ⅱ级,中设2部电梯。建筑用地总尺寸:长80m,南北宽55m,该地段の南侧8m为东西向的马路,西侧9m为南北向的马路。1.2设计资料1.2.1工程地质条件:1、工程地质条件:上土层:杂填土,平均厚度1.2m;。下土层:黄土状粉质黏土,平均厚度为9.5m;2、水文资料:本地区地下水深3.32—3.83m,从北向南排泄其渗透系数k=0.4m/d。3、气象资料:最高温度39度,最低气温-18.7摄氏度;本地区主导风向:夏季节东南风,冬季节西北风,基本风压为0.5KN/m2。4、抗震设防基本烈度:本设计啊按7度第二组设计,其场地类型二类。1.3设计说明1、建筑物用途:斯坦中学办公楼2、本工程实例一层楼地面标高+0.000,室内外高差0.60m,卫生间比楼地面低20mm3、本工程为框架结构墙体不承重,可选墙体为240mm蒸加气混凝土砌块砌筑,4、建筑物门窗为铝合金窗,窗高2400mm(卫生间窗除外),窗宽48000mm。门为木门,门高2100mm,门宽1200mm。5、楼屋面为不上人屋面6、本工程选用三部楼梯。中间楼梯间尺寸为5400mm×6000mm,两侧两部楼梯间尺寸为3000mm×6000mm,踏步尺寸b×h=150mm×300mm7、《办公建筑设计规范》(JGJ67-2006)规定,五层以上含五层建筑物应配电梯。该设计方案选用两部电梯,电梯间包含候梯间尺寸为2400mm×6000mm8、建筑做法(1)屋面(不上人)饰面层:水泥平瓦屋面结合层:20mm厚1:3水泥沙浆保温层:80mm厚矿渣水泥防水层:三粘四油防水层78 找平层:20mm厚水泥沙浆结构层:120mm厚现浇钢筋混凝土楼板抹灰层:10mm厚混合砂浆(2)楼面面层:水磨石地面结构层:120mm厚现浇钢筋混凝土楼板抹灰层:10mm混合砂浆(3)墙体外墙:水刷石饰面内墙:水泥粉刷结构层:240厚加气混凝土砌块(4)门窗门采用木门1200mm*2100mm窗采用铝合金门窗4800mm*2500mm2结构设计说明2.1工程概况本设计为斯坦中学办公楼,总建筑面积约5000-5500m2,其层数为5层。建筑耐久等级为Ⅱ级,中设2部电梯。建筑用地总尺寸:长80m,南北宽55m,该地段南侧8m为东西向的马路,西侧9m为南北向的马路。设计条件:1、工程地质条件:上土层:杂填土,平均厚度1.2m;。下土层:黄土状粉质黏土,平均厚度为9.5m;2、水文资料:本地区地下水深3.32—3.83m,从北向南排泄其渗透系数k=0.4m/d。3、气象资料:最高温度39度,最低气温-18.7摄氏度;本地区主导风向:夏季节东南风,冬季节西北风,基本风压为0.5KN/m2。4、抗震设防基本烈度:本设计啊按7度第二组设计,其场地类型二类。2.2设计依据1、自然条件基本风压:W0=0.50KN/m2,地面粗糙程度类别:b类;基本雪压:S0=0.5KN/m22、活荷载:楼面活荷载标准值:办公室2.0kN/m2;走廊、楼梯间2.5kN/m278 ;非上人屋面为0.5kN/m22.3工程材料1、混凝土:梁、板、柱所用的混凝土均采用C302、钢筋:梁、板、柱:受力钢筋均采用HRB335级钢筋;箍筋采用HPB300级钢筋2.4柱网布置图2.1柱网布置图3结构设计3.1梁板柱尺寸初定1、横向框架梁尺寸BC和DE跨L=6000mm梁高:h=(1/10~1/15)L=(400~600)mm,取h=500mm;梁宽:b=(1/3~1/2)h=(160~250)mm,取b=250mm中间跨CD跨L=2400mm。由于中间跨跨度较小梁高可适当减少,由于要兼顾支座两端使其具有相同的配筋,故取梁高h=500mm,b=250mm2、纵向框架连系梁尺寸:连系梁截面尺寸由最大柱距L=6000mm来确定梁高h=(1/12~1/8)L=(1/12~1/8)×6000=(500~750)mm,取h=500mm;梁宽b=(1/3~1/2)h=(1/3~1/2)×500=(166.7~250)mm,取h=250mm78 故所有框架梁尺寸都为250mm*500mm3、框架柱截面尺寸的初定:底层高为4200mm,室内外的高差为450mm,假定基础顶面至建筑室外地坪为250mm,故对于底层取柱高:H=4200+450+250=5000mm,各标准层柱高为H=3900mm。该建筑楼盖为现浇楼盖。由《钢筋混凝土设计规范》(GB50010-2010)规定:底层柱的计算长度:L0=1.0H=1.0×5000=5000mm;标准层柱计算长度:L0=1.25H=1.25×3900=4800mm。本例采用等截面柱,故柱截面尺寸应满足:L0/b≦30及L0/h≦25,所以:b≧L0/30=5000/30=166.67mm;h≧L0/25=200mm。柱截面尺寸估算:底层:h=(1/12~1/6)H=(1/12~1/6)×5000=(416.67~833.3)mm,取h=500mm;b=(1~2/3)h=(500~333.3),取b=500mm。其余标准层:h=(1/12~1/6)H=(1/12~1/6)×3900=(300~500)mm,取h=500mm;b=(1~2/3)h=(500~333),取b=500mm。3.2楼屋面板设计3.2.1屋面板设计1、屋面板平面布置板厚为120mm,板的区格划分见图3.1:图3.1屋面板区格划分2、屋面均布荷载标准值根据《荷载规范》(GB50009-2012)得:78 不上人屋面的活荷载标准值为0.50KN/m2屋面恒荷载饰面层:水泥平瓦屋面0.50KN/m2结合层:20厚1:3水泥沙浆0.02×20=0.4KN/m2保温层:80厚矿渣水泥0.08×14.5=1.16KN/m2防水层:三毡四油防水层0.35KN/m2找平层:20厚水泥沙浆0.02×20=0.4KN/m2结构层:120厚现浇钢筋混凝土楼板0.12×25=3KN/m2抹灰层:10厚水泥砂浆0.01×17=0.17KN/m2屋面恒荷载:6.03KN/m2荷载设计值:g=1.35×6.03=8.14KN/m2q=1.4×0.5=0.7KN/m2屋面荷载计算:q/2=0.35KN/m2g+q/2=8.49KN/m2g+q=8.84KN/m23、屋面板的弯矩配筋的计算根据弹性理论,因为B1~B7区格板其L1/L2≦2,故可按双向板计算,双向板区格的跨中最大弯矩取在g+q/2作用下(内支座固定)跨中的弯矩值,跟在q/2作用下(内支座简支)跨中弯矩值之和;混凝土泊松比γ取:γ=0.2,其支座最大负弯矩为在g+q作用之下(内支座固定)支座弯矩。该力板梁整体现浇,所以各区格计算跨度取Lo=Lc(轴线间距)。⑴弹性理论计算双向板的弯矩值见表3.1所示:表3.1屋面双向板各区格的弯矩(单位:KN·m)板区格B1B2B3B4L01(m)365.43L02(m)6665.4L01/L020.51.00.90.55M1(0.0400+0.2×0.0114)×8.14×32+(0.0428+0.2×0.0181)×0.35×32=5.218(0.00176+0.2×0.0116)×8.14×32+(0.0428+0.2×0.0178)×0.35×62=5.963(0.0221+0.2×0.0114)×8.14×5.42+(0.0488+0.2×0.0151)×0.35×5.42=6.861(0.0385+0.2×0.0119)×8.14×32+(0.0671+0.2×0.0311)×0.35×32=2.36778 M2(0.0038+0.2×0.040)×8.14×32+(0.172+0.20×0.0426)×0.35×32=3.9841(0.0176+0.2×0.040)×8.14×32+(0.0178+0.2×0.0418)×0.35×62=4.241(0.0165+0.2×0.0334)×8.14×5.42+(0.0157+0.2×0.0613)×0.35×5.42=4.027(0.0118+0.2×0.0323)×8.14×32+(0.0305+0.2×0.0671)×0.35×32=1.347M1"–0.0829×8.14×32=-9.024–0.0513×8.14×62=-13.8610–0.0588×8.14×5.42=-9.574–0.0814×8.14×32=-4.916M1"-9.024-13.861-9.574-4.916M2"–0.0570×8.14×3.02=-6.9405–0.0513×8.14×62=-13.8610–0.0541×8.14×5.42=-8.065–0.0571×8.14×32=-3.658M2"-6.9405-13.861-8.065-3.658板区格B5B6B7L01(m)2.432.4L02(m)633L01/L020.51.00.80M1(0.0400+0.2×0.0114)×8.14×32+(0.0428+0.2×0.0181)×0.35×2.42=5.218(0.00176+0.2×0.0116)×8.14×32+(0.0428+0.2×0.0178)×0.35×32=1.963(0.027+10.2×0.0137)×8.14×62+(0.0596+0.2×0.0336)×0.35×32=1.842M2(0.0038+0.2×0.040)×8.14×32+(0.172+0.20×0.0426)×0.35×2.42=3.9841(0.0176+0.2×0.040)×8.14×32+(0.0178+0.2×0.0418)×0.35×32=1.241(0.0144+0.2×0.0287)×8.14×32+(0.0324+0.2×0.0397)×0.35×32=1.187M1"–0.0829×8.14×2.42=-9.024–0.0513×8.14×32=-13.8610–0.0626×8.14×32=-2.483M1"-9.024-13.861-2.483M2"–0.0570×8.14×2.42=-6.9405–0.0513×8.14×32=-13.8610–0.0559×8.14×32=-1.374M2"-6.9405-13.861-1.374⑵配筋设计板截面的有效高度:其中L01方向跨中截面有效高度h0=120-20=100mm,L02方向的跨中截面有效高度h0=120-30=90mm,支座截面有效高度h0=100mm。相邻之间区格的支座负弯矩取两者绝对值较大值。受力钢筋选用HPB300级钢,fy=270kN/m2,取γs=0.95,计算配筋的面积As=M/(γs×h0×fy),截面配筋计算如表3.2所示。表3.2双向板截面的配筋截面板区格方向h0(mm)M(kN·m)As(mm2)配筋实际As(mm2)跨中B1L011005.218181.538@150335L02903.9845152.928@15033578 B2L011005.96389.498@150335L02904.24151.188@150335B3L011006.861171.858@150335L02904.027102.218@150335B4L011002.367113.888@150335L02903.984191.728@150335B5L011005.218206.738@150335L02903.984206.738@150335B6L011001.96382.378@150335L02901.241108.228@150335B7L011001.842135.268@150335L02901.18798.948@150335支座h0(mm)M(kN·m)As(mm2)配筋实际As(mm2)1-2100-9.024267.428@1204191-3100-6.9405351.878@1204192-4100-13.46137.138@1204193-4100-12.807307.418@1204193-5100-9.054474.5510@1107145-4100-8.99423.4210@1107146-4100-12.729312.5610@1107146-7100-11.746491.9810@1107147-4100-10.745431.75.9110@1107143.2.2楼面板设计1、楼面板平面布置板厚为120mm,板的区格划分见图3.2:78 图3.2楼面板区格划分2、楼面均布荷载标准值《荷载规范》(GB50009-2012)可得:室内的活荷载标准值:q=2.0kN/m2;走廊等q=2.5kN/m2标准层楼面恒荷载标准值面层:水磨石地面(10厚面层,20厚水泥砂浆打底)0.65KN/m2结构层:120厚现浇钢筋混凝土楼板0.12×25=3KN/m2抹灰层:10厚水泥砂浆0.17KN/m2楼面恒载:3.82KN/m2荷载设计值:室内:g=1.2×3.82=4.584KN/m2q=2.0×1.4=2.8KN/m2q/2=1.4KN/m2g+q/2=4.584+1.4=5.984KN/m2g+q=4.584+2.8=7.384KN/m2走廊、门厅、卫生间:g=1.2×3.82=4.584KN/m2g+q/2=4.584+1.75=6.334KN/m2g+q=4.584+3.5=8.064KN/m23、屋面板弯矩配筋计算按照弹性理论,由于B1~B8区格板L1/L2≦2,所以按双向板计算,B978 按单向板计算。双向板区格跨中最大弯矩取:在g+q/2作用下(内支座固定)的跨中弯矩值,与在q/2作用下(内支座简支)的跨中弯矩值之和;混凝土泊松比取γ=0.2,支座最大负弯矩取:在g+q作用下(内支座固定)的支座弯矩。由于板梁整体现浇,所以各区格计算跨度Lo=Lc(轴线间距)。⑴按弹性理论计算的双向板弯矩值见表3.3:表3.3楼面双向板各区格弯矩(单位:KN·m)板区格B1B2B3B4L01(m)365.43L02(m)6665.4L01/L020.51.00.90.55M1(0.0400+0.2×0.0114)×8.064×32+(0.0428+0.2×0.0181)×0.35×32=5.373(0.00176+0.2×0.0116)×8.14×32+(0.0428+0.2×0.0178)×0.35×62=5.963(0.0221+0.2×0.0114)×8.14×5.42+(0.0488+0.2×0.0151)×0.35×5.42=6.861(0.0385+0.2×0.0119)×8.064×32+(0.0671+0.2×0.0311)×0.35×32=2.367M2(0.0038+0.2×0.040)×8.064×32+(0.172+0.20×0.0426)×0.35×32=3.9841(0.0176+0.2×0.040)×7.384×32+(0.0178+0.2×0.0418)×0.35×62=4.241(0.0165+0.2×0.0334)×8.14×5.42+(0.0157+0.2×0.0613)×0.35×5.42=4.027(0.0118+0.2×0.0323)×8.064×32+(0.0305+0.2×0.0671)×0.35×32=1.347M1"–0.0829×8.064×32=-9.024–0.0513×7.384×62=-13.8610–0.0588×8.14×5.42=-9.574–0.0814×8.064×32=-4.916M1"-9.024-13.861-9.574-4.916M2"–0.0570×8.064×3.02=-6.9405–0.0513×7.384×62=-13.8610–0.0541×8.14×5.42=-8.065–0.0571×8.064×32=-3.658M2"-6.9405-13.861-8.065-3.658板区格B5B6B7L01(m)2.432.4L02(m)633L01/L020.51.00.80M1(0.0400+0.2×0.0114)×8.064×32+(0.0428+0.2×0.0181)×0.35×2.42=5.218(0.00176+0.2×0.0116)×8.064×32+(0.0428+0.2×0.0178)×0.35×32=1.963(0.027+10.2×0.0137)×7.384×62+(0.0596+0.2×0.0336)×0.35×32=1.842M2(0.0038+0.2×0.040)×8.064×32+(0.172+0.20×0.0426)×0.35×2.42=3.9841(0.0176+0.2×0.040)×8.064×32+(0.0178+0.2×0.0418)×0.35×32=1.241(0.0144+0.2×0.0287)×7.384×32+(0.0324+0.2×0.0397)×0.35×32=1.187M1"–0.0829×8.064×2.42=-9.024–0.0513×8.064×32=-13.8610–0.0626×7.384×32=-2.483M1"-9.024-13.861-2.48378 M2"–0.0570×8.14×2.42=-6.9405–0.0513×8.064×32=-13.8610–0.0559×7.384×32=-1.374M2"-6.9405-13.861-1.374⑵配筋设计对于B2~B8区格板,由于L01/L02≦1.5,故应考虑折减系数,取为0.8。截面有效高度:L01方向跨中截面的有效高度h0=120-20=100mm,L02方向跨中截面的有效高度h0=120-30=90mm,支座截面的有效高度h0=100mm。相邻区格的支座负弯矩取两者绝对值较大者。受力钢筋选用HPB300级,fy=270kN/m2,取γs=0.95,计算配筋面积As=M/(γs×h0×fy),截面配筋计算见表3.4表3.4楼面双向板截面配筋截面板区格方向h0(mm)M(kN·m)As(mm2)配筋实际As(mm2)跨中B11005.218100182.898@150335903.984590106.928@150335B21005.96310083.848@150335904.2419048.668@150335B31006.861100150.498@150335904.0279084.498@150335B41002.36710094.548@150335903.98419058.818@150335B51005.218100167.028@150335903.9849093.548@150335B61001.963100193.638@150335901.24190187.148@150335B71001.842100179.688@150335901.18790121.198@150335L02906.312×0.8218.748@150335支座h0(mm)M(kN·m)As(mm2)配筋实际As(mm2)1-2100-9.024267.428@1204191-3100-6.9405351.878@1204192-4100-13.46137.138@12041978 3-4100-12.807307.418@1204193-5100-9.054474.558@1204193-6100-8.99423.4210@1206544-6100-12.729312.5610@1206544-7100-11.746491.9810@1206547-3100-10.745431.75.9110@1206547-8100-9.024267.4210@1206548-4100-6.9405351.8710@1007855-4100-13.46137.138@1204193.3框架结构计算过程3.3.1框架结构的计算简图图3.3选取框架计算简图取②-②轴的一榀框架进行计算,见上图3.3所示。设计内容包括框架计算单元、框架计算简图的确定以及框架所收到各种荷载下的计算包括内力计算,内力组合,内力调整和各截面配筋计算。对于手工计算考虑到计算水平工作量及时间的因素本设计采用平面框架(横向框架)进行设计。框架计算简图采用梁柱的轴线表示。框架的跨度取相邻柱轴线之间的距离,高度取相应建筑层高。但底层高取基础顶面到二层板顶面的距离,即H=4.2+0.6+0.2=5.0m。由于整体结构为钢筋混凝土现浇结构,故梁柱之间的节点为钢节点。计算简图见图3.4所示78 图3.4框架计算简图3.3.2梁柱线刚度计算由于本工程为现浇楼盖,故对于边跨梁截面的惯性矩I1应扩大为1.5倍,中跨梁截面的惯性矩I2应扩大为2倍。本工程混凝土结构均采用C30混凝土,其弹性模量EC=30.0×106kN/m2(1)对框架梁:梁尺寸均为:h×b=500mm×250mm;梁截面惯性矩为:I=bh3/12=0.25×0.53/12=2.6×10-3m4边跨梁BC、DE的线刚度:i1=1.5EI/L=(1.5×30×106×2.6×10-3)/6=1.95×104kN·m中跨梁CD地线刚度:i2=2.0EI/L=(2.0×30×106×2.6×10-3)/3.0=4.87×104kN·m(2)对柱柱截面尺寸:h×b=500mm×500mm.其截面惯性矩为:I=bh3/12=0.5×0.53/12=5.21×10-3m4底层柱:i3=EI/L=(30.0×106×5.21×10-3/5.0=3.13×104kN·m其余各层柱:i4=EI/L=(30.0×106×5.21×10-3)/3.9=4.08×104kN·m令i1=1,则各梁柱的相对线刚度为:i2=4.85/1.91=2.51i3=3.13/1.95=1.6i4=4.08/1.05=2.0978 梁柱的相对线刚度简图如图3.5:图3.5梁柱相对线刚度3.3.3荷载统计《荷载规范》(GB50009-2012)规定查得:1、恒荷载标准值(1)屋面恒荷载饰面层:水泥平瓦屋面0.50KN/m2结合层:20厚1:3水泥沙浆0.02×20=0.4KN/m2保温层:80厚矿渣水泥0.08×14.5=1.16KN/m2防水层:三毡四油防水层0.35KN/m2找平层:20厚水泥沙浆0.02×20=0.4KN/m2结构层:120厚现浇钢筋混凝土楼板0.12×25=3KN/m2抹灰层:10厚水泥砂浆0.01×17=0.17KN/m2屋面恒荷载:6.03KN/m2框架梁自重:0.25×(0.6-0.12)×25=3KN/m屋面板传的横梁线荷载标准值:6.03×6=36.18KN/m(2)标准层楼板面恒荷载的标准值面层:水磨石地面(10厚面层,20厚水泥砂浆打底)0.65KN/m278 结构层:120厚现浇钢筋混凝土楼板0.12×25=3KN/m2抹灰层:10厚水泥砂浆0.17KN/m2楼面恒载:3.82KN/m2板传横梁线荷载3.83×6=22.92KN/m2框架梁自重:0.25×(0.6-0.12)×25=3KN/m(3)墙体恒荷载横体自重(240厚加气混凝土砌块):0.22×(3.9-0.5)×7.9=6.54KN/m横体粉刷水刷石粉刷外墙面:0.5×(3.9-0.5)=1.7KN/m水泥粉刷内墙面:3.36×(3.9-0.5)=1.241.7KN/m墙体恒荷载合计:9.53KN/m(4)梁恒荷载梁的自重:0.25×(0.5-0.12)×25=2.325KN/m梁的粉刷:0.17×((0.5-0.12)×2+0.25)=0.165KN/m梁恒荷载合计:2.49KN/m(5)柱的恒载3.9m柱高自重:0.5×0.5×3.9×25=24.375KN柱的粉刷自重:(0.5×3.9+(0.5-0.24)×3.9+(0.5-0.3)×3.9×2)×3.9=1.68KN柱自重合计:26.055KN3.屋面节点集中荷载的计算①边跨B、E轴节点的集中荷载标准值:边跨柱连系梁自重含粉刷:2.49×6=14.94kN女儿墙自重(高900厚240):6×0.9×0.24×16=20.74kN女儿墙粉刷:0.1×0.9×6×2×17=1.836kN梁承担传柱荷载:6×6×6.03/2=54.27kN顶层B、E节点集中荷载合计:91.786kN②中跨C、D轴节点的集中荷载标准值:中跨柱连系梁自重含粉刷:2.49×6=14.94kN中柱连系梁承担荷载:54.27+3.82×3×6/2=88.65kN78 顶层C、D节点集中荷载合计:103.59kN4标准层楼屋面节点的集中荷载①边跨B、E轴节点的集中荷载标准值:边跨横梁自重:2.49×6=14.94kN铝合金窗自重:0.45×2.5×4.8=5.40kN纵墙墙重(扣除窗):0.24×((6-0.4)×(3.9-0.5)-2.5×4.8)×7.9=4.02kN水刷石外墙:0.5×((6-0.4)×(3.9-0.5)-(2.5×4.8))=3.78KN水泥粉刷内墙:0.36×((6-0.4)×(3.9-0.5)-(2.5×4.8))=2.736kN柱自重荷载:0.5×0.5×25×3.9=24.35kN柱体粉刷:[0.5×3.9+(0.5-0.2)×3.9+(0.5-0.3)×2×3.9]×0.39=1.68kN标准层B、E节点的集中荷载标准值合计:136.1kN②中跨C、D节点的集中荷载标准值中跨横梁自重:2.49×6=14.94kN纵向靠走廊墙体自重(含门窗):6.64×6-0.24×2.4×7.9×2+1.2×2.4×0.15=6.17kN梁传柱承担荷载:6×2.4×3.82/2+68.76=96.26kN柱自重:0.5×0.5×25×3.6=22.5kN柱粉刷:[0.5×3.9+(0.5-0.2)×3.9×3]×0.39=1.68kN标准层C、D节点的集中荷载标准值合计:136.1kN恒载作用之下内力计算简图见图3.678 图3.6恒荷载作用下的内力计算简图2、活荷载标准值计算查《荷载规范》(GB50009-2012)得:非上人屋面活荷载标准值:0.5KN/㎡当地基本雪压为:0.4KN/㎡,雪荷载标准值:Sk=0.4KN/㎡雪压荷载与屋面活荷载不同时考虑,取两者之中最大值:0.5KN/㎡(1)楼屋面活荷载室内2.0KN/㎡;走廊、大厅等2.5KN/m2荷载统计楼面活荷载标准值:q=0.5×6=3KN/m标准层层边跨活荷载标准值:q=2.0×6=12KN/m78 标准层中跨活荷载标准值:q=2.5×2.4=6KN/m(2)节点荷载标准值顶层屋面B、E节点荷载值:PB=PE=6×6×0.5/2=9KNC、D节点荷载值:PC=PD=9+6×2.4×0.5/2=12.6KN中间层楼面B、E节点荷载:PB=PE=2×6×6/2=36KNC、D节点荷载:PC=PD=36+6×2.4×2.5/2=18.945KN活荷载作用下内力计算简图见图3.7图3.7活荷载作用下的内力计算简图3、风荷载标准值《荷载规范》得:当地基本风压ωo=0.5kN/m2,风荷载载标准值计算公式为:ωk=βz·μs·μz·ωo由风荷载体形系数表可查得:本设计风荷载体型系数μs=0.9-(-0.5)=1.4,78 本建筑总高度为20.6m﹤30m,且建筑物为高宽比20.6/14.48﹤1.5,所以可不考虑风振系数的影响,风振系数βz可取βz=1.0,地面粗糙度为C类,μz风压高度变化系数可由风压高度变化系数表采用内插法查得计算得出。作用于节点风载按下面公式求得P=ωk×Aωk:风荷载标准值A:每层节点受风面积一层:A=(5.0+3.9)/2×6=25.8㎡二层:A=(3.9+3.9)/2×6=23.4㎡三层:A=(3.9+3.9)/2×6=23.4㎡四层:A=(3.9+3.9)/2×6=23.4㎡五层:A=(0.9+3.9/2)×6=17.1㎡风荷载标准值计算结果见表3.5:表3.5风荷载计算结果层数βzμs高度Z(m)μzωo(kN/m2)ωk(kN/m2)Ai(m2)P(kN)五层1.001.4020.601.170.50.8917.115.22四层1.001.4016.701.170.50.8223.419.19三层1.001.4012.801.00.50.7523.417.55二层1.001.408.901.00.50.723.416.38一层1.001.405.001.00.50.725.818.6风荷载作用下内力计算简图3.878 图3.8风载作用下内力计算简图4地震荷载标准值的计算地震作用主要分为水平地震作用和竖向地震作用,由于水平地震作用对建筑物的影响最为突出,故本设计只考虑水平地震作用,采用底部剪力法进行计算水。为求出各层框架柱在水平地震作用下的剪力,首先要计算出各层结构的总重力荷载代表值,其计算公式如下:GE=DK+∑ψi·Lki1、每一层结构重力荷载代表值计算顶层重力荷载代表值=屋面恒载+50%的屋面活载+纵横框架梁自重+半层框架柱自重+半层纵横墙体自重顶层屋面恒荷载:(63.24×14.64)×6.03=5582.78KN顶层屋面活荷载:(63.24×14.64)×0.5=426.92KN女儿墙自重(含粉刷):(63+14.64)×2×0.9×0.24×16=536.65KN框架横梁自重(含粉刷):2.49×63.24×20=729.07KN纵梁连系梁自重(含粉刷):2.49×63.24×4=405.0KN框架柱自重(含粉刷):26.055×72/2=954KN墙体总重(含门窗)(9.53×63.24×2+(9.53×63.24+5.4×6-4.8×2.4×2.5×7.9)×2+9.53×14.6×12))/2=1792.08KN顶层总重力荷载代表值合计:GE6=10455.908KN78 标准层重力荷载代表值=楼面恒载+1/2楼面可变活载+纵、横梁自重(包括门窗过梁)+楼面上下各半层柱自重+楼面上下各半层纵横墙自重楼面永久恒荷载:(64.24×14.64)×3.82=6592.61KN楼面可变活荷载:64.24×14.64×2.0+2.4×64.24×2.5=1151.54KN框架横梁自重(含粉刷层重):729.07KN连系梁自重(含粉刷层重):629.87KN框架柱自重(含粉刷重):1908KN墙体自重(含粉刷重):3584.16KN中间层重力荷载代表值合计:GE5=GE4=GE3=GE2=12706.1KN底层重力荷载代表值计算楼面永久恒荷载:(64.24×14.64)×3.82=6592.61KN楼面可变活荷载:64.24×1424×2.0+2.4×64.24×2.5=2262.39KN框架横梁自重(含粉刷层重):729.01KN连系梁自重(含粉刷层重):629.87KN框架柱自重(含粉刷层重):1908/3.9×5=2446.1KN墙体总重(含粉刷层重):3584.16/3.9×5=4595.08KN底层总重力荷载代表值合计:GE1=14255.12KN2、框架结构的自震周期计算本工程框架抗震结构房屋自振周期按下述经验公式计算:H——建筑物主体结构的高度(m);B——建筑物沿振动方向的长度(m);3、地震作用力的计算本办公楼设计所在地区的抗震设防烈度为7度,其场地土为Ⅱ类,地震设计分组为第一组,故可《建筑抗震设计规范》得:由于,故地震影响系数为:本结构总重力荷载代表值为GE=10455.908+12706.1×3+14255.12=62829.33KN78 根据底部剪力法计算公式求得底部总剪力为:8-8榀框架所能承受的总水平地震力为:因为T1=0.536s<1.4×=1.4×0.35=0.49s,δn=0,故可不考虑结构顶层附加作用,8-8榀框架所承受的地震力可由下式计算至各层节点处:=×FEK1水平地震剪力计算过程及结果见表7-1所示。表7-1楼层地震剪力计算表楼层()510455.9120.626.17×1040.3188110.67412706.116.721.22×1040.258589.73312706.112.816.26×1040.198168.77212706.18.911.31×1040.137847.83114255.1257.13×1040.086930.17地震荷载作用下内力计算简图见下图3.9所示78 图3.9水平地震荷载作用下内力计算简图3.3.4框架结构内力计算1、恒载作用下内力的计算恒载作用下内力的计算方法本例采用弯矩二次分配法,中跨梁的线刚度取原来2倍计算。(1)恒荷载等效把作用在梁上三角形荷载分布等效为均布荷载,其等效均布荷载的计算过程和结果如表3.7所示。表3.7等效均布荷载计算①边跨梁三角形分布荷载:楼层g1(kN/m)g2(kN/m)g0=5/8×g2(kN/m)g1=g1+g0(kN/m)五层2.4936.1822.625.1其余各层12.0222.9214.32526.345②中跨梁三角形分布荷载:78 楼层g1(kN/m)g2(kN/m)g0=5/8g2(kN/m)g1=g1+g0(kN/m)五层2.4936.1822.625.1其余各层2.4922.9214.32516.8等效恒荷载作用内力的计算简图见图3.10图3.10等效恒荷载作用下的内力计算简图(2)梁柱弯矩计算该框架是对称结构,且荷载对称,故可取半结构对其采用弯矩二次分配法计算,首先计算各节点的弯矩:MB5=-25.1×62/12=-75.3kN∙mMC5左=25.1×62/12=75.3kN∙mMC5右=-25.1×32/12=-18.83kN∙mMB4=MB3=MB2=MB1=-26.34×62/12=-79.04kN∙mMC4左=MC3左=MC2左=MC1左=26.345×62/12=79.04kN∙mMC4右=MC3右=MC2右=MC1右=-16.8×2.42/12=-12.6kN∙m恒载作用下框架弯矩的分配过程如图3.11,恒载作用下框架的弯矩图如图3.12:78 图3.11恒荷载作用下的框架弯矩分配过程78 图3.12恒荷载作用下的框架弯矩图跨中弯矩按下试计算:M中=1.02×Mo–1/2×(Ml+Mr)式中Mo=1/8×g×l20,按弹性方法计算弯矩设计值。计算结果如下:MBC5=MCE5=1.02×25.1×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(52.08+73.72)=61.74kN·m78 MBC4=MCE4=1.02×20.93×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(64.09+69.19)=67.31kN·mMBC3=MCE3=1.02×26.34×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(64.09+69.19)=68.82kN·mMBC2=MCE2=1.02×26.34×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(61.73+669.19)=68.62kN·mMBC1=MCE1=1.02×26.34×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(52.58+67.09)=69.93kN·m(3)梁柱剪力计算①梁剪力的计算由结构力学的节点静力平衡得:边跨梁剪力:VBi=(q×l02/2+MBi-MCi)/l0,VCi=q×l0-VBi中跨梁剪力:VCi=VDi=q×l0/2顶层为例,其计算过程如下:顶层边跨梁B5C5:MB5=-52.08kN·m,MC5=-52.91kN·mV1=(52.08+25.1×6×3-52.91)/6=75.16KNV2=25.1×6×3-75.16=75.44KN顶层中跨梁C5D5:MC5=-MD5=-42.98kN·mV1=V2=(14.83×3×3/2)/3=36.14KN所有梁剪力计算结果如表3.8:表3.8梁剪力计算结果(单位:KN)层数梁VBiVCi梁VCiVDi五层边跨75.1675.44中跨36.1436.14四层85.2482.8233.0233.02三层84.6782.9133.0233.02二层84.7683.9833.0233.02一层84.2184.2233.0233.02②柱剪力的计算由结构力学的节点静力平衡得:边跨B、E轴柱:V=(M上端+M下端)/L中跨C、D轴柱:V=(M上端+M下端)/L顶层边柱B5B4的计算为例:M上端=52.08kN·m,M下端=36.27kN·mV=(52.08+36.27)/3=29.45KN所有柱剪力的计算结果见表3.978 表3.9柱剪力的计算结果(单位:KN)层数柱V柱V五层边柱29.45中柱22.21四层25.2420.13三层25.4920.45二层27.6521.49一层14.0211.58恒荷载作用下梁柱的剪力图如图3.13图3.13恒荷载作用下梁柱的剪力图(4)梁柱轴力计算节点静力平衡得:①顶层边柱顶轴力:N1=节点的集中荷载+梁端剪力VB5顶层边柱底的轴力:N2=N1+G1G1=柱总自重+墙总自重+门窗自重②顶中柱顶的轴力:N1=节点集中荷载+边跨梁右剪力VC5右+中跨梁左剪力VC5左78 顶层中跨柱底的轴力:N2=N1+G2G2=柱自重+墙自重+门窗自重+墙、柱的粉刷自重③标准层边柱顶的轴力:N1=节点集中荷载+边跨梁右剪力VC5右+中跨梁左剪力VC5左+G3G3=边柱横梁自重+边柱横梁承担楼面荷载标准层边柱底的轴力:N2=N1+G1G1=柱的自重+墙自重+门窗的自重+墙、柱粉刷自重④标准层中柱顶的轴力:N1=节点集中荷载+边跨梁右剪力VC5右+中跨梁左剪力VC5左+G4G4=中柱横梁自重+中柱连系梁承担楼面荷载标准层中柱底轴力:N2=N1+G2G2=柱的自重+墙的自重+门窗自重+墙、柱的粉刷自重G1=24.375+9.53+5.4=39.3KNG2=24.375+9.53+5.4=40.98KNG3=14.84+9=26.385KNG4=14.94+9.53+5.4+24.375=54.2KN计算结果及过程见表3.10表3.10恒荷载作用下柱轴力的计算过程结果(单位:KN)层数柱柱顶轴力柱底轴力柱柱顶轴力柱底轴力五层边柱166.946206.24中柱215.17245.47四层325.04345.5392.41410.8三层472.3475.8543.82598.3二层605.4638.32729.43767.84一层741.21790.33903.4954.83恒载作用下框架柱轴力图见图3.14所示78 图3.14恒荷载作用下的框架柱轴力图2、活荷载作用下内力计算可变活载作用下内力计算方法取用弯矩二次分配法,中跨梁的线刚度按原来2倍计算。(1)活荷载等效把作用在梁上的三角形荷载分布等效为均布荷载,其计算过程以及结果见表3.11所示。表3.11等效均布荷载计算①边跨梁三角形分布荷载计算:78 楼层Q(kN/m)g0=5/8Q(kN/m)五层31.88其余各层127.5②中跨梁三角形荷载分布楼层Q(kN/m)g0=5/8Q(kN/m)五层31.88其余各层63.75等效活载作用的内力计算简图见图3.15所示:图3.15等效活荷载作用下内力计算简图78 (2)梁柱的弯矩计算该框架是对称结构,其荷载对称,故可取半结构对其采用弯矩二次分配法计算各节点弯矩:MB5=-1.88×62/12=-5.64kN∙mMC5左=1.88×62/12=5.64kN∙mMC5右=-1.88×32/12=-1.41kN∙mMB4=MB3=MB2=MB1=-7.50×62/12=-22.5kN∙mMC4左=MC3左=MC2左=MC1左=7.50×62/12=22.5kN∙mMC4右=MC3右=MC2右=MC1右=-3.75×32/12=-2.81kN∙m活荷载作用下框架弯矩分配全过程如图3.16所示活荷载作用下框架弯矩图如图3.17所示:其中跨中弯矩按下式计算:M中=1.02×Mo–1/2×(Ml+Mr)式中Mo=1/8×g×l20,按弹性方法计算的弯矩设计值。计算结果如下:MBC5=MCE5=1.02×1.88×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(5.28+6.07)=3.63kN·mMBC4=MCE4=1.02×7.5×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(19.84+21.65)=15.67kN·mMBC3=MCE3=1.02×7.5×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(19.91+21.22)=15.31kN·mMBC2=MCE2=1.02×7.5×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(19.94+22.16)=15.28kN·mMBC1=MCE1=1.02×7.5×62/8﹣1/2×0.85×(18.24+21.52)=15.98kN·m78 图3.16活荷载作用下的框架弯矩分配78 图3.17活荷载作用下的框架弯矩图(3)梁柱剪力计算①梁剪力计算由结构力学节点静力平衡得:边跨纵梁:VBi=(q×l02/2+MBi-MCi)/l0,VCi=q×l0-VBi中跨纵梁:VCi=VDi=q×l0/278 剪力计算结果如表3.12:表3.12梁剪力计算结果(单位:KN)层数梁VBiVCi梁VCiVDi五层边跨8.869.14中跨4.84.8四层29.1429.7813.013.0三层29.2329.8413.013.0二层29.3029.9213.013.0一层29.1430.1213.013.0②柱的剪力计算由结构力学节点静力平衡得:边跨B、E轴柱剪力:V=(M上端+M下端)/L中跨C、D轴柱剪力:V=(M上端+M下端)/L计算结果如表3.13:表3.13柱剪力计算结果(单位:KN)层数柱V柱V五层边柱3.50中柱2.43四层5.333.83三层5.543.68二层5.614.05一层1.791.25活荷载作用下框架剪力图如图3.18:78 图3.18可变活荷载作用下剪力图(4)梁柱轴力计算根据结构力学节点静力平衡算得:顶层边柱顶的轴力:N1=节点的集中荷载+梁端剪力VB5顶层中柱顶的轴力:N1=节点的集中荷载+边跨纵梁右剪力VC5右+中跨纵梁左剪力VC5左标准层边柱顶的轴力:N1=节点的集中荷载+边跨纵梁右剪力VC5右+中跨纵梁左剪力+VC5左+上层柱底轴力标准层层中柱顶轴力:N1=节点的集中荷载+边跨梁的右剪力VC5右+中跨梁左剪力VC5左+上层柱底的轴力轴力计算结果如表3.1478 表3.14活荷载作用下的柱的轴力计算结果(单位:KN)层数边柱轴力中柱轴力五层13.9614.57四层55.7561.04三层89.42119.43二层121.51162.31一层153.48208.67活载作用下框架柱的轴力图见图3.19所示图3.19活荷载作用下的框架柱轴力图3、风荷载作用下内力计算本例内力计算方法采用D值法(1)将各层层间总剪力Vi分配到每根柱子,其各层在风载作用之下层间总剪力为:五层:V5=15.22kN78 四层:V4=15.22+19.19=34.41kN三层:V3=34.41+17.55=51.96kN二层:V2=51.96+16.38=68.34kN一层:V1=68.34+18.6=86.941kN风载作用下各个柱分配剪力的计算过程见表3.15所示。其中计算柱D值时,D=a×12ic/h2,中间层,a=K/(K+2);底层,a=(0.5+K)/(2+K)。算D值后,得分配到每一根柱的剪力为:Vi=Di/(∑Di)×V表3.15风载作用下各个柱的剪力计算过程层数层剪力(KN)边柱D值中柱D值∑D每根边柱剪力(KN)每根中柱剪力(KN)五层15.22K=(1+1)/(2×2.09)=0.49,D=0.34k=2×(1+2.51)/(2×2.09)=1.68D=0.651.982.614.99四层34.41K=(1+1)/(2×2.09)=0.49,D=0.34k=2×(1+2.51)/(2×2.09)=1.68D=0.651.985.9111.30三层51.96K=(1+1)/(2×2.09)=0.49,D=0.34k=2×(1+2.51)/(2×2.09)=1.68,D=0.651.988.9217.06二层68.34K=(1+1)/(2×2.09)=0.49,D=0.34k=2×(1+2.51)/(2×2.09)=1.68,D=0.651.9811.7322.43一层86.94K=1/0.93=1.08,D=0.23K=(1+2.67)0.93=3.95,D=0.341.1417.5425.93(2)每层柱反弯点的高度确定因为每层梁上下刚度相同,并且除底层层高不同以外,其他层层高均相同,故对于中间标准层,其反弯点高度修正值y1=y2=y3=0,底层,查表可得:y2=-0.018,每一层柱反弯点高度y如表3.16:表3.16各层柱的反弯点的高度y楼层层高(m)柱ky=y0+y2y×h(m)五层3.9边柱0.780.301.17中柱2.850.441.72四层3.9边柱0.780.401.56中柱2.850.451.7678 三层3.9边柱0.780.451.76中柱2.850.451.76二层3.9边柱0.780.501.95中柱2.850.501.95一层5.0边柱1.0800.6303.16中柱3.9510.5502.75(3)柱端弯矩计算根据求得的每根柱反弯点的高度与每根柱所分配的剪力可以求出各柱端弯距,由节点平衡求得每层梁端弯距,由梁端弯矩可以求出梁端的剪力与柱轴力。柱端弯矩的计算过程见表3.17所示:表3.17柱端弯矩的计算层数层高(m)柱截面剪力(KN)柱反弯点高度(m)柱端弯矩(kN•m)边柱中柱边柱中柱柱端边柱中柱五层3.92.614.991.171.72上端7.1210.88下端3.058.58四层3.95.9111.301.561.76上端13.8324.18下端9.2719.89三层3.98.9217.061.761.76上端19.0936.51下端15.7030.02二层3.911.7322.431.951.95上端22.8743.73下端22.8743.73一层5.017.5425.933.162.75上端32.2858.34下端55.4271.31(4)梁端弯矩的计算根据节点平衡可求得各梁端弯矩:边柱的节点弯矩:M=(M节点下端+M节点上端),中柱的节点弯矩:M=×(M节点上端+M节点下端),(其中i1为梁端弯矩梁线刚度,i2为与计算的梁所相连接的梁的线刚度)MBC5=7.12kN·mMCB5=1/(1+2.51)×10.88=3.10kN·mMCE5=2.51/(2.51+1)×10.88=2.09kN·mMBC4=3.05+13.83=16.88kN·mMCB4=1/(1+2.51)×(8.58+24.18)=9.33kN·mMCE4=2.51/(1+2.51)×(8.58+24.18)=23.43kN·mMBC3=9.17+19.09=28.26kN·m78 MCB3=1/(1+2.51)×(19.89+36.51)=4.29kN·mMCE3=2.51/(1+2.51)×(19.89+36.51)=40.33kN·mMBC2=5.20+22.87=28.07kN·mMCB2=1/(1+2.51)×(30.02+43.73)=21.01kN·mMCE2=2.51/(1+2.51)×30.02+43.73)=52.74kN·mMBC1=22.87+32,28=55.15kN·mMCB1=1/(1+2.51)×(22.87+32.28)=15.72kN·mMCE1=2.51/(1+2.51)×(22.87+32.28)=39.44kN·m风载作用下弯矩图如图3.20:图3.20风荷载作用下的弯矩图(5)剪力的计算根据弯矩图求得各层梁柱的剪力,其计算过程如下:边柱的剪力:V=(M上端+M下端)/L中柱的剪力:V=(M上端+M下端)/L边跨纵梁剪力:V=-(M梁左+M梁右)/L中跨纵梁剪力:V=-(M梁左+M梁右)/L计算结果如下表3.18所示:78 表3.18风载作用下的各梁柱的剪力层数层高(m)边柱(KN)中柱(KN)边跨梁(KN)中跨梁(KN)五层3.92.614.99-1.71-6.48四层3.95.9111.03-4.36-19.52三层3.98.9217.06-7.39-33.61二层3.911.7322.43-8.18-43.95一层5.017.5425.93-11.81-32.87风载作用下梁柱剪力图见3.21所示:图3.21风荷载作用下的剪力图(6)柱轴力计算由剪力图以及节点静力平衡原理可以求得风载作用下梁柱的轴力图,如图3.22所示:78 图3.22风荷载作用下柱的轴力图4、地震荷载作用下的内力计算水平地震作用,本例计算方法采用D值法,具体计算过程及结果如下:(1)将各层层间总剪力Vi分配到每个柱子上,则每一层在地震荷载作用下层间总剪力:五层:V5=110.67kN四层:V4=110.67+89.73=200.40kN三层:V3=200.40+68.77=269.17kN二层:V2=269.17+47.83=317.00kN一层:V1=317.00+30.17=347.17kN地震荷载作用下每个柱分配剪力的计算过程及结果见表3.19所示。计算柱的D值时,D=a×12ic/h2,中间层柱,a=K/(K+2);底层柱,a=(0.5+K)/(2+K)。算出D值后,可计算求得分配到各个柱的剪力为:Vi=Di/(∑Di)×V表3.19地震荷载作用之下各柱的剪力计算过程及结果78 层数层剪力(KN)边柱D值中柱D值∑D每根边柱剪力(KN)每根中柱剪力(KN)五层110.67K=(1+1)/(2×2.09)=0.49,D=0.34k=2×(1+2.51)/(2×2.09)=1.68,D=0.651.9819.0036.33四层200.40K=(1+1)/(2×2.09)=0.49,D=0.34k=2×(1+2.51)/(2×2.09)=1.68,D=0.651.9834.4165.79三层269.17K=(1+1)/(2×2.09)=0.49,D=0.34k=2×(1+2.51)/(2×2.09)=1.68,D=0.651.9846.2288.36二层317.00K=(1+1)/(2×2.09)=0.49,D=0.34k=2×(1+2.51)/(2×2.09)=1.68,D=0.651.9854.43104.07一层347.17K=1/1.6=0.625,D=0.23K=(1+2.51)1.6=3.95,D=0.341.1470.4103.54(2)每层层柱反弯点高度的确定由于每一层上下梁的刚度相同,并且且除底层层高不同之外,其他各层层高均相同,故对中间层,反弯点高度的修正值为y1=y2=y3=0,底层,查表可得:y2=-0.018,每一层柱的反弯点高度y如表3.20所示:表3.20各层柱反弯点高度y楼层层高(m)柱ky=y0+y2y×h(m)五层3.9边柱0.780.301.17中柱2.850.441.72四层3.9边柱0.780.401.56中柱2.850.451.76三层3.9边柱0.780.451.76中柱2.850.451.76二层3.9边柱0.780.501.95中柱2.850.501.95一层5.0边柱1.080.633.16中柱3.950.552.75(3)柱端的弯矩计算根据求得的每根柱反弯点的高度与每根柱所分配的剪力可以求出各柱端弯距,由节点平衡求得每层梁端弯距,由梁端弯矩可以求出梁端的剪力与柱轴力。柱端弯矩的计算过程与结果见表3.21所示:表3.21地震荷载作用之下柱端弯矩78 层数层高(m)柱截面剪力(KN)柱反弯点高度(m)柱端弯矩(kN·m)边柱中柱边柱中柱柱端边柱中柱五层3.919.0036.331.171.72上端51.8779.20下端22.2362.49四层3.934.4165.791.561.76上端80.52140.79下端53.68115.78三层3.946.2288.361.761.76上端98.91189.09下端81.35155.52二层3.954.43104.071.951.95上端106.14202.94下端106.14202.94一层5.070.40103.543.162.75上端129.54231.75下端222.46284.74(4)梁端弯矩计算根据节点平衡原理可求得各梁端的弯矩:边柱的节点弯矩M=(M节点下端+M节点上端),中柱节点的弯矩M=×(M节点上端+M节点下端),(式中i1为计算梁端弯矩梁线刚度,i2为与计算梁相连接的梁的线刚度)MBC5=51.87kN·mMCB5=1/(1+2.51)×79.20=22.56kN·mMCE5=2.51/(2.51+1)×79.20=56.64kN·mMBC4=22.23+80.52=102.15kN·mMCB4=1/(1+2.51)×(62.49+140.79)=57.91kN·mMCE4=2.51/(1+2.51)×(62.49+140.79)=145.37kN·mMBC3=53.68+98.91=152.59kN·mMCB3=1/(1+2.51)×(115.79+189.09)=86.86kN·mMCE3=2.51/(1+2.51)×(115.79+189.09)=218.02kN·mMBC2=106.14+81.35=187.49kN·mMCB2=1/(1+2.51)×(115.79+189.09)=102.13kN·mMCE2=2.51/(1+2.51)×(115.79+189.09)=256.33kN·mMBC1=106.14+129.54=235.68kN·mMCB1=1/(1+2.51)×(202.94+231.75)=123.84kN·mMCE1=2.51/(1+2.51)×(202.94+231.75)=310.85kN·m78 地震荷载作用之下弯矩图如图3.23所示:图3.23地震荷载作用下的弯矩图(5)剪力计算根据弯矩图可求出各层梁柱剪力,其计算过程如下:边柱的剪力:V=(M上端+M下端)/L中柱的剪力:V=(M上端+M下端)/L边跨梁的剪力:V=-(M梁左+M梁右)/L中跨梁的剪力:V=-(M梁左+M梁右)/L计算结果如表3.22所示:78 表3.22地震荷载作用之下梁柱的剪力层数层高(m)边柱(KN)中柱(KN)边跨梁(KN)中跨梁(KN)五层3.919.036.33-12.41-47.20四层3.934.4165.79-26.78-121.14三层3.946.2288.36-39.91-181.68二层3.954.43104.07-48.27-213.61一层5.070.4103.54-59.92-259.04地震荷载作用之下的梁柱的剪力图如图3.24所示:图3.24地震荷载作用之下的梁柱的剪力图78 (6)柱轴力计算由剪力图以及节点静力平衡,可以求得地震荷载作用之下的柱的轴力图,见图3.25所示图3.25地震荷载作用之下的柱轴力图3.3.5水平荷载作用之下框架侧移的验算1、风载作用之下侧移由于该建筑总高度为20.6m,且小于50m,故可只考虑框架结构的总体剪切变形。并且为现浇框架,取刚度折减系数βc=0.85,取用荷载标准值,可求出框架的侧移值。侧移计算过程与结果如表3.23所示:78 表3.23风荷载作用之下框架侧移计算层数Fi(kN)Vi(kN)ΣDδi(m)五层15.2215.225.68×1042.67×10-4四层19.1934.415.68×1046.05×10-4三层17.5551.965.68×1049.14×10-4二层16.3868.345.68×10412.1×10-4一层18.6086.943.27×10426.0×10-4顶点侧移:△u=∑δi=(2.67+6.05+9.14+12.1+26.0)×10-4=5.82×10-3△u/h=5.82×10-3/20.6=28×10-5﹤1/550最大底层层间侧移(底层):26×10-4/5=5.2×10-4﹤1/550,故满足要求2、地震荷载作用之下的侧移该建筑总高20.6m,且小于50m,故可只考虑框架总体的剪切变形。本例为现浇框架,取刚度折减系数为βc=0.85,取用荷载标准值计算,求出框架在多遇地震的条件之下的结构的层间弹性位移。其计算过程以及结果如表3.24所示:表3.24地震荷载作用之下框架侧移计算层数Fi(kN)Vi(kN)ΣDδi(m)五层110.67110.675.68×10419.50×10-4四层89.73200.405.68×10435.1×10-4三层68.77269.175.68×10447.4×10-4二层47.83317.005.68×10455.8×10-4一层30.17347.173.27×104106×10-4顶点侧移:△u=∑δi=(19.50+35.1+47.4+55.8+106)×10-4=263.93×10-4△u/h=263.93×10-4/20.6=12.81×10-4﹤1/550最大底层层间侧移(底层):106×10-4/5=21.2×10-4﹤1/550,故满足要求3.3.6内力组合求出荷载作用之下框架的内力之后,对框架每个梁柱的控制截面进行内力组合,从中找出最不利荷载组合。每层梁的控制截面选取为梁端以及跨中截面,每层柱的控制截面选取为柱的上与下端截面。框架梁柱的控制截面选取简图如图3.26所示:78 图3.26框架梁柱控制截面选取简图对各层框架梁柱内力组合,计算过程以及结果见下表所示:1、每层梁内力组合78 表3.25一层框架梁内力组合杆件编号一层框架边跨梁A1B1一层框架中跨梁B1C1截面12345内力MVMVMVMVMV横载①-52.5884.2169.83-2.35-67.09-84.22-31.3133.02-11.540.00活载②18.2429.1415.980.5621.5230.128.8113.00-3.980.00左风③55.15-11.8112.53-11.81-15.71-11.8139.44-32.870.00-32.87右风④-55.1511.81-12.5311.8115.7111.81-39.4432.870.0032.87左震⑤235.68-59.9249.23-59.92-123.84-59.92310.85-259.040.00-259.04右震⑥-235.6859.92-49.2359.9212.8459.92-310.85259.040.00259.041.2①+1.4②-37.56141.85106.17-2.04-50.38-58.90-25.2457.82-19.420.001.35①+0.7×1.4②-53.11142.24109.93-2.62-69.48-84.18-33.6357.32-19.480.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)29.38122.89119.72-17.00-73.19-77.9923.2214.59-18.86-41.421.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)-109.60152.6588.1412.77-33.60-48.23-76.1797.42-18.8641.421.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤254.2340.64157.38-80.38-228.59-160.89371.82-289.33-16.24-336.751.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥-358.54196.4329.3975.41-50.90-5.10-436.39384.18-16.24336.7578 表3.26二层框架梁内力组合杆件编号二层框架边跨梁A2B2二层框架中跨梁B2C2截面12345内力类型MVMVMVMVMV永久荷载①-61.7384.7668.62-1.98-69.19-82.91-36.8133.02-12.310.00可变荷载②-19.9429.315.28-1.41-20.1629.92-7.5713-2.980.00左风③28.07-8.188.32-8.18-21.01-8.1852.74-43.950.00-43.95右风④-28.078.188.328.1821.018.18-52.7443.950.0043.95左震⑤187.49-48.2720.19-48.27-102.13-48.27256.33-213.610.00-213.61右震⑥-187.4948.27-20.1948.27102.1348.27-256.33213.610.00213.611.2①+1.4②-101.99142.73103.74-4.35-111.25-57.60-54.7757.82-18.940.001.35①+0.7×1.4②-102.88143.14107.61-4.05-113.16-82.61-57.1157.32-19.540.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)-63.83128.32112.08-14.46-134.90-72.1012.740.63-18.53-55.381.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)-134.57148.94112.086.15-81.96-51.49-120.16111.38-18.5355.381.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤157.7056.54117.76-65.97-227.89-144.29284.52-230.27-16.56-277.691.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥-329.78182.0465.2759.5337.65-18.79-381.94325.12-16.56277.6978 表3.27三层框架梁内力组合杆件编号三层框架边跨梁A3B3三层框架中跨梁B3C3截面12345内力类型MVMVMVMVMV永久荷载①-61.7284.6768.82-2.1-69.18-82.91-26.8133.02-13.320.00可变荷载②-19.9129.2315.31-1.28-21.22-29.84-7.6313-2.180.00左风③28.26-7.394.18-7.39-16.07-7.3940.33-33.610.00-33.61右风④-28.267.39-4.187.3916.077.39;40.3333.610.0033.61左震⑤152.59-39.9115.84-39.91-86.86-39.91218.02-181.680.00-181.68右震⑥-152.5939.91-15.8439.9186.8639.91-218.02181.680.00181.681.2①+1.4②-101.94142.53104.02-4.31-112.72-141.27-42.8557.82-19.040.001.35①+0.7×1.4②-102.83142.95107.91-4.09-114.19-141.17-43.6757.32-20.120.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)-63.54129.12107.14-13.44-130.00-146.409.0313.66-18.73-42.351.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)-134.76147.7596.615.18-89.51-127.78#VALUE!98.35-18.7342.351.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤112.3667.26112.36-55.17-208.67-169.28246.68-188.76-17.29-236.181.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥-284.38171.0371.1848.6017.17-65.51-320.18283.61-17.29236.1878 表3.28四层框架梁内力组合杆件编号四层框架边跨梁A4B4四层框架中跨梁B4C4截面12345内力类型MVMVMVMVMV永久荷载①-64.0985.2467.31-2.97-69.12-82.82-26.833.02-25.710.00可变荷载②-19.4829.1415.67-1.81-21.65-29.78-8.1513-1.940.00左风③16.83-4.363.07-4.36-9.33-4.0223.43-19.520.00-19.52右风④-16.834.36-3.074.369.334.02-23.4319.520.0019.52左震⑤102.75-26.7818.2-26.78-57.91-26.78145.73-121.140.00;121.14右震⑥-102.7526.78-18.226.7857.9126.78-145.73121.140.00121.141.2①+1.4②-104.18143.08102.71-6.10-113.25-141.08-43.5757.82-33.570.001.35①+0.7×1.4②-105.61143.63106.23-5.78-114.53-140.99-44.1757.32-36.610.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)-80.25133.51104.38-11.34-121.98-141.97-12.9131.41-33.30-24.601.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)-122.66144.5096.65-0.35-98.47-131.84-71.9580.60-33.3024.601.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤44.9884.96113.83-39.46-171.22-152.07152.40-110.06-32.02#VALUE!1.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥-222.17154.5966.5130.16-20.65-82.44-226.50204.91-32.02157.4878 杆件编号五层框架边跨梁A5B5五层框架中跨梁B5C5截面12345内力类型MVMVMVMVMV永久荷载①-52.2475.1661.74-3.45-73.72-75.44-42.9836.14-18.710.00可变荷载②-5.288.863.63-9.14-6.07-9.14-2.474.8-3.50.00左风③7.12-4.991.87-4.99-3.1-4.997.78-6.480.00-6.48右风④-7.124.99-1.874.993.14.99-7.786.480.006.48左震⑤51.87-12.415.81-12.41-22.56-12.4156.64-47.20.00-47.2右震⑥-51.8712.41-5.8112.4122.5612.41-56.6447.20.0047.21.2①+1.4②-70.08102.6079.17-16.94-96.96-103.32-55.0350.09-27.350.001.35①+0.7×1.4②-75.70110.1586.91-13.61-105.47-110.80-60.4453.49-28.690.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)-60.369695.0781.02-21.94-100.02-108.33-44.8941.25-26.86-8.161.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)-137.48191.18149.52-2.20-177.45-179.30-115.5397.07-46.038.161.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤1.5879.3883.82-25.76-121.43-112.1520.57-15.11-24.55-61.361.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥-133.29111.6468.716.51-62.78-79.88-126.69107.61-24.5561.36表3.29五层框架梁内力组合2、各层柱内力组合78 表3.30一层框架柱内力组合杆件编号一层边柱一层中柱截面6(上端)7(下端) 6(上端)7(下端) 内力类型MNMNVMNMNV永久荷载①38.59741.249.8790.330.00-43.43903.4-6.71954.830.00可变荷载②5.96153.482.98153.480.00-4.17208.67-2.09208.670.00左风③-32.28-33.45-55.42-33.4517.51-58.34-84.94-71.31-84.9425.93右风④32.2833.4555.4233.45-17.5158.3484.9471.3184.94-25.93左震⑤-129.54-197.77-222.46-197.7770.4-231.75-504.97-284.74-504.97103.54右震⑥129.54197.77222.46197.77-70.4231.75504.97284.74504.97103.541.2①+1.4②54.651104.3615.931163.270.00-57.951376.22-10.981437.930.001.35①+0.7×1.4×②57.941151.0816.151217.360.00-62.721424.09-11.111493.520.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)13.141040.73-54.311099.6322.06-130.881239.98-100.541301.7032.671.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)94.491125.0285.341183.93-22.0616.141454.0379.171515.74-32.671.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤-118.52724.48-275.65783.3891.52-355.89552.82-379.47614.54134.601.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥218.291238.68302.751297.59-91.52246.661865.74360.861927.46134.6078 截面6(上端)7(下端) 6(上端)7(下端) 内力类型MNMNVMNMNV永久荷载①30.85605.418.61638.320.00-21.19729.43-22.77767.840.00可变荷载②9.98121.112.3121.10.00-7.36162.31-8.54162.310.00左风③-32.28-21.64-22.87-21.6411.73-21.01-62.6-30.2-62.622.43右风④32.2821.6422.8721.64-11.7321.0162.630.262.6-22.43左震⑤-106.14-127.37-106.14-127.3754.43-202.94-345.5-202.94-345.5104.07右震⑥106.14127.37106.14127.37-54.43202.94345.5202.94345.5-1111.2①+1.4②50.99896.0239.55935.520.00-35.731102.55-39.281148.640.001.35①+0.7×1.4×②51.43935.9737.18980.410.00-35.821143.79-39.111195.650.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)8.92851.809.01891.3014.78-61.171000.95-76.141047.0428.261.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)90.27906.3366.65945.84-14.78-8.231158.70-0.031204.79-28.261.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤-94.97633.56-108.27673.0670.76-293.67523.55-296.27569.64135.291.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥180.99964.72167.691004.23-70.76233.981421.85231.371467.94-144.30表3.31二层框架柱内力组合78 表3.32三层框架柱内力组合截面6(上端)7(下端) 6(上端)7(下端) 内力类型MNMNVMNMNV永久荷载①38.5472.3038.85475.80.00-29.19543.8229.18598.30.00可变荷载②9.9589.429.9889.420.00-7.21119.43-7.16142.040.00左风③-19.09-13.48-15.7-13.488.92-36.51-36.53-30.2-36.5317.06右风④19.0913.4815.713.48-8.9236.5136.5330.236.53-17.06左震⑤-98.91-79.1-81.35-79.146.22-189.09-214.55-155.22-214.5588.36右震⑥98.9179.181.3579.1-46.22189.09214.55155.22214.55-88.361.2①+1.4②60.13691.9560.59696.150.00-45.12819.7924.99916.820.001.35①+0.7×1.4×②61.73725.2462.23729.960.00-46.47851.2032.38946.900.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)34.68662.4439.41666.6411.24-90.12757.04-12.06850.9021.501.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)82.79696.4178.98700.61-11.241.89849.0964.05942.96-21.501.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤-76.41517.58-53.15521.7860.09-285.17445.33-171.07524.27114.871.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥180.75723.24158.36727.44-60.09206.461003.16232.511082.10-114.8778 杆件编号四层边柱四层中柱截面6(上端)7(下端) 6(上端)7(下端) 内力类型MNMNVMNMNV永久荷载①27.79325.1427.79345.50.00-21.25392.4-29.9410.800.00可变荷载②10.8555.159.9555.150.00-7.7261.04-7.2161.040.00左风③-13.83-6.07-9.27-6.075.91-21.18-16.03-19.89-16.0311.3右风④13.836.079.276.07-5.9121.1816.0319.8916.03-11.3左震⑤-80.52-39.19-53.68-39.1934.41-140.79-103.76-115.29-103.7665.79右震⑥80.5239.1953.6839.19-34.41140.79103.76115.29103.76-65.791.2①+1.4②48.54467.3847.28491.810.00-36.31556.34-45.97578.420.001.35①+0.7×1.4×②48.15492.9947.27520.470.00-36.25589.56-47.43614.400.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)29.59452.0134.20476.447.45-61.91527.59-70.03549.6714.241.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)64.44467.3157.57491.74-7.45-8.54567.99-19.90590.07-14.241.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤-64.82372.31-30.47396.7444.73-213.16372.62-190.08394.7085.531.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥144.53474.21109.10498.64-44.73152.90642.39109.67664.47-85.53表3.33四层框架柱内力组合78 表3.34五层框架柱内力组合杆件编号五层边柱五层中柱截面6(上端)7(下端) 6(上端)7(下端) 内力类型MNMNVMNMNV永久荷载①52.08166.9536.27206.240.00-30.75215.17-29.19254.470.00可变荷载②5.2813.968.3813.960.00-3.614.57-5.8914.570.00左风③-7.12-1.71-3.05-1.712.51-10.88-4.1-8.58-4.14.99右风④7.121.173.051.17-2.5110.884.18.584.1-4.99左震⑤-51.87-12.41-22.03-12.41-19-79.26-29.81-62.49-29.81-36.33右震⑥51.8712.4122.0312.411979.2629.8162.4929.8136.331.2①+1.4②69.89219.8855.26267.030.00-41.94278.60-43.27325.760.001.35①+0.7×1.4×②75.48239.0657.18292.100.00-45.04304.76-45.18357.810.001.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+③)60.18215.7850.24262.923.16-55.14271.40-53.26318.566.291.2①+1.4×0.9×(②+④)78.12219.4057.93266.55-3.16-27.73281.73-31.64328.89-6.291.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑤-1.77192.5819.91239.73-24.70-142.10228.19-119.80275.35-47.231.2(①+0.5②)+1.3⑥133.10224.8577.19272.0024.7063.98305.7042.68352.8647.2378 3.3.7内力调整内力组合之后的内力值还需进一步进行调整,以确保“强柱弱梁”与“强剪弱弯”、与“强节点强锚固”的原则。1、柱端弯矩调整本框架设计抗震等级为三级,根据《钢筋混凝土设计规范》(GB50010-2010),其柱端弯矩设计值应当满足:∑Mc=ηc·∑Mb对三级框架ηc取:ηc=1.3∑Mc:综合地震组合节点上下柱端截面弯矩设计值之和∑Mb:同一节点左、右梁端截面,并按顺时针和逆时针方向计算两端考虑地震组合的弯矩设计值之和中的较大者柱端弯矩调整的计算过程与结果如表3.35所示。表3.35柱端弯矩调整节点组合类别Mc上Mc下和McMb左Mb右η·∑Mb调Mc上调Mc下B1G+E218.29167.69385.980358.54466.102263.6028202.4992C1G+E246.66231.37478.0350.9436.39633.477326.8695306.6075B2G+E180.99158.36339.350329.78428.714228.6517200.0623C2G+E233.98232.51466.4937.65381.94545.467273.5929271.8741B3G+E180.75109.1289.850284.38369.694230.5406139.1534C3G+E206.46109.67316.1317.17320.18438.555286.414152.141B4G+E144.5377.19221.72022.1728.82118.7872110.03379C4G+E152.942.68195.5820.65226.5321.295251.181170.11387B5G+E133.10133.10133.29173.277173.2770C5G+E63.98063.9862.78126.19245.661245.6610规范要求:三级框架结构底层以及柱下端截面组合的弯矩设计值均需乘1.3的增大系数。所以对B节点:在G+E组合下,MC=1.3×263.60=320.21kN·m对C节点:在G+E组合下,MC=1.3×326.87=425.31kN·m2、梁、柱端截面的剪力调整(1)梁端的截面剪力调整《抗震规范》查的,框架梁端得截面剪力的设计值调整为:78 VGb为梁端的截面在重力荷载代表值作用之下按简支梁计算剪力设计值(VGb=1.2×(①+0.5×②)×Ln/2),Mb左为梁左端的弯矩,Mb右为梁右端的弯矩。三级框架结构中取ηvb=1.1。梁端剪力设计值调整的计算过程与结果见表3.36所示表3.36梁端剪力设计的值调整78 (2)柱端截面的剪力设计值的调整根据《抗震规范》,框架柱端截面的剪力设计调整值为:式中Hn为上下层柱反弯点高度,一般取柱的净高,Mc上为柱上端弯矩值,Mc下为柱下端弯矩值。对于三级框架结构取ηvc=1.2。柱端剪力设计值得调整计算过程以及结果如表3.37所示。表3.37柱端剪力设计值的调整层次柱号组合类别HnM上M下ηvc×(M上+M下)/Hn上端下端一边柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥4.88118.52275.6596.9396.931.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤4.88218.29302.75128.12128.12中柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥4.88355.89397.47185.25185.251.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤4.88246.66360.86149.39149.39二边柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥3.7894.97108.2764.5264.521.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤3.78180.99167.69110.69110.69中柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥3.78293.67296.27187.28187.281.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤3.78233.98231.37147.73147.73三边柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥3.7876.4153.5141.2441.241.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤3.78180.75158.36107.65107.65中柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥3.78285.17171.07144.84144.841.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤3.78206.46232.51139.36139.36四边柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥3.7864.8230.4730.2530.251.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤3.78144.53109.1080.5280.52中柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥3.78213.16190.08128.01128.011.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤3.78152.90109.6783.3683.3678 五边柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥3.78133.1077.1966.7666.761.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤3.781.7719.916.886.88中柱1.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑥3.7863.9842.6833.8633.861.2×(①+0.5×②)+1.3×⑤3.78142.10119.8083.1483.143.3.8梁截面设计1、梁正截面受弯承载力的计算内力组合及调整后,在内力组合表中选取出梁的跨中截面以及支座截面最不利内力,对其进行梁的配筋计算。梁下部受拉时,按T形截面设计;梁上部受拉时,按矩形截面设计。梁砼强度等级:C30,fc=14.3N/mm2,ft=1.43N/mm2,α1=1.0;其纵向受力钢筋采用HRB335级钢,fy=f'y=300N/mm2;其箍筋采用HPB300级钢,fy=f'y=270N/mm2。(1)一层梁正截面的设计:梁跨中截面是下部受拉,跨中界面需按T形截面设计,支座截面梁为上部受拉,故按矩形截面配筋进行设计。B1C1跨梁:b×h=250mm×500mm①跨中截面为T形翼缘宽度选取下列三式中较小值:计算跨度按Ln考虑:b'f=Ln/3=6000/3=2000mm梁净距按Sn考虑:b'f=b+Sn=250+(6000-500)=5750mm翼缘高度h'f考虑:h'f/h0=120/(600-40)=0.21﹥0.1,故可不考虑所以b'f选取2000mm。由于=1.014.32000120(460-120/2)=1357.36kN·m114.42kN·m,所以属第一类T形截面。=0.75114.42106/(1.014.320004602)=0.0143ξ=1-=0.0143﹤ξb=0.55=1.014.320000.0143460/300=547.63mm2配筋选配:316(As=603mm2)配筋率ρ=As/b·h0=603/(250×460)=0.512%﹥78 ②对支座B1按矩形截面进行设计,梁底配置双层钢筋M=–282.02kN·m,取h0=440mm=0.75282.02106/(1.014.32504402)=0.247ξ=1-=0.231﹤ξb=0.55=1.014.32500.231440/300=1487.42mm2选配:216+322(As=1542mm2)其实际配筋率ρ=As/b·h0=1542/(250×440)=1.51%﹥③对于支座C1取矩形截面进行设计M=–200.53kN·m,h0=460mm=0.75200.53106/(1.014.32504602)=0.141ξ=1-=0.152﹤ξb=0.55=1.014.32500.152460/300=973.83mm2选配:516(As=1005mm2)配筋率ρ=As/b·h0=1005/(250×460)=0.79%﹥C1D1跨梁:b×h=250mm×500mm①对跨中截面:因为跨中为梁上部受拉,故按矩形截面进行设计:M=-12.46kN·m,h0=460mm=0.7512.46×106/(1.014.32504602)=0.0149ξ=1-=0.0153﹤ξb=0.55=1.014.32500.0153460/300=68.47mm2配筋选配:216(As=402mm2)其配筋率ρ=As/b·h0=402/(250×460)=0.31%﹥,②支座C1取矩形截面设计M=–375.94kN·m,取h0=440mm78 =0.75375.94×106/(1.014.32504402)=0.33ξ=1-=0.33﹤ξb=0.55=1.014.32500.32440/300=2067.5mm2配筋选配:216+425(As=2366mm2)其配筋率ρ=As/b·h0=2366/(250×440)=1.82%﹥同理可求各层框架梁的配筋。其计算结果如表3.38所示表3.38框架梁正截面配筋层数截面M(kN•m)b(bf")(mm)h0(mm)αsξAs(mm2)实际配筋(mm2)ρ(%)配筋五层1100.212504600.0650.069454.81461.000.36314280.6820004600.0090.009357.16461.000.36314393.362504600.0540.056395.67461.000.363144102.472504600.0590.061423,80461.000.36314523.212504600.0110.01189.11461.000.36314四层1184.732504600.1130.119795.35804.000.60416297.1120004600.0090.009399.41402.000.312163134.712504600.0960.099608.53804.000.594164191.352504600.1180.121798.97804.000.59416519.242504600.0080.00845.74804.000.59416三层1229.582504600.1480.1661097.11140.000.88322298.3220004600.0090.009500.68760.000.5722231168,962504600.1120.114809.461140.000.883224267.832504600.1710.1911247.131256.000.96420521.222504600.0070.00745.74628.000.47220二层1281.092504600.1710.1861381.771520.001.124222117.4920004600.0120.012545.52760.000.592223182.742504600.1150.128894.381140.000.883224298.012504600.1990.2211473.971520.001.1242278 519.952504600.0070.00745.74760.000.59222一层1282.022504600.1910.2311407.431520.001.124222114.4220004600.0120.012513.27760.000.542223200.532504600.1390.151964.991140.000.883224375.942504400.2760.3312075.022249.001.74216+328512.462504600.0090.00955.86402.000.312162、梁斜截面的设计梁斜截面抗震调整系数取γRE=0.85其斜截面设计的计算过程如下:(1)验算其截面尺寸一层B1C1跨梁:hw/b=460/250=1.84﹤4.0并且:所以截面的尺寸满足要求。一层C1D1跨梁:hw/b=460/250=1.84﹤4.0且故截面尺寸满足要求。(2)配筋的计算:一层B1C1边跨梁:0.71.43250460=130.81kN﹤γREV=197.80kN选取8双肢箍筋,ASV1=50.3mm2S≦(2×50.3)/0.38=264.7mm,选取S=200mm,=(2×50.3)/(250×200)=0.2%≧一层C1D1中跨梁:0.71.43250460=130.81kN﹤γREV=319.77kN78 选取10双肢箍筋,ASV1=78.5mm2S≦(2×78.5)/1.19=131.9mm,选取S=120mm,=(2×78.5)/(250×120)=0.52%≧各层梁斜截面的配筋如表3.39所示:表3.39各层梁斜截面的配筋楼层梁剪力0.25βCfcbh00.7ftbh0nAsv1/Sρsv(%)配筋五层B5C5130.71500.5140.14-0.090.208@200C4D4124.89500.5140.14-0.120.208@200四层B4C4200.4500.5140.140.410.208@200C4D4203.51500.5140.140.380.208@200三层B3C3223.65500.5140.140.510.278@150C3D3281.44500.5140.140.840.408@100二层B2C2235.80500.5140.140.570.278@150C2D2300.02500.5140.141.050.5710@120一层B1C1254.91500.5140.140.410.208@200C1D1319.77500.5140.141.190.5410@1203.3.9柱截面设计柱采用混凝土强度等级C30,fc=14.3N/mm2,ft=1.43N/mm2,α1=1.0,其纵向受力钢筋取用HRB335级钢,fy=f'y=300N/mm2,其箍筋采用HPB300级钢,fy=f'y=270N/mm2。1、柱的轴压比验算柱轴压比的验算过程以及结果如表3.30所示:表3.30柱轴压比验算楼层柱端柱底最大轴力柱截面fc·Ac轴压比n=N/fc·Ac结果五层B5272.00500×5003575.0.07满足要求C5352.68500×5003575.0.08满足要求四层B4498.64500×5003575.0.14满足要求C4664.47500×5003575.0.16满足要求三层B3727.44500×5003575.0.17满足要求C31082.10500×5003575.0.26满足要求78 二层B21004.23500×5003575.0.26满足要求C21467.97500×5003575.0.37满足要求一层B11297.59500×5003575.0.31满足要求C11927.46500×5003575.0.47满足要求32、柱的正截面承载力的设计柱采取对称配筋,承载力抗震调整系数为γRE=0.85。柱正截面的设计过程如下:(1)计算偏心矩增大系数:为初始的偏心矩():为轴心压力对截面重心的偏心距:为附加偏心距,取h0=500–40=460mm曲率修正系数为ζ1=0.5fcA/N,且当ζ1﹥1.0时,取ζ1=1.0;由于L0/h=4600/500﹤15,其长细比影响系数为ζ2=1.0(2)判断大小偏压柱受压区的高度当时,为大偏心受压;当但,为小偏心受压。(3)纵向受力钢筋计算①对于大偏压:取用对称配筋,故:()若x=ξh0﹤2a’,取x=2a’,按下式计算纵向受力钢筋面积:78 ()②对于小偏压:选取=40mm,柱正截面的计算结果如下表3.31所示:表3.31一层柱正截面配筋楼层一层控制截面B1柱C1柱Nmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NNmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NM(KN.m)218.29-113.42218.49337.42-295.45351.43N(KN)1297.67734.171137.4116232.61591.79649.97E0(mm)200.01143.59204.34210.17494.91546.25ea(mm)2020.020.020.020.020.0ei(mm)220.67161.87221.68232.19515.92571.92l0=1.0H5000.0l0/h10.0ξ11.01.01.01.01.01.0ξ21.01.01.01.01.01.0η1.151.321.171.171.111.06E(mm)456.62428.52456.62473.18757.67813.76E’(mm)      ηei251.35196.65246.52261.38545.77592.75配筋形式对称配筋ξ0.350.260.330.490.190.19偏心类型大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压78 AS=AS’(mm2)637.67-71.73637.671515.731601.731958.51配筋318428实际AS763.2463.表3.32二层柱正截面配筋楼层二层控制截面B2柱C2柱Nmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NNmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NM(KN.m)153.61-65.25153.61171.98-229.29232.200N(KN)864.09563.50862.091220.41528.46570.640E0(mm)177.30115.78177.24140.03439.79413.91ea(mm)20.20.20.20.20.20.ei(mm)197.30135.78197.29161.11462.80439.94l0=1.25H4500.l0/h9.0ξ11.01.01.01.01.01.0ξ21.01.01.01.01.01.0η1.141.201.141.171.061.06E(mm)435.84372.39435.84397.65698.40671.54E’(mm) 47.61  279.40 ηei233.85162.39225.84186.65488.40461.53配筋形式对称配筋ξ0.2630.1750.2680.370.160.17偏心类型大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压AS=AS’(mm2)232.76212.92234.76199.101141.641117.47配筋318428实际AS763.02463.078 表3.33三层柱正截面配筋楼层三层控制截面B3柱C3柱Nmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NNmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NM(KN.m)45.38-58.5245.36124.91-212.81212.82N(KN)651.51432.16651.50857.18411.63411.61E0(mm)69.69135.4569.71145.77517.02517.02ea(mm)20.20.20.20.20.20.ei(mm)89.74155.4589.65165.76517.02537.02l0=1.0H4500.0l0/h9.0ξ11.01.01.01.01.01.0ξ21.01.01.01.01.01.0η1.31.181.31.171.061.06E(mm)327.26392.16326.28402.41773.61773.61E’(mm) 27.95  353.61353.61ηei116.26182.16116.31192.41563.61563.61配筋形式对称配筋ξ1.870.141.910.270.140.14偏心类型小偏压大偏压小偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压AS=AS’(mm2)139.3095.85139.2115.741155.621155.62配筋318428实际AS763.002463.0078 表3.34四层柱正截面配筋楼层四层控制截面B4柱C4柱Nmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NNmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NM(KN.m)46.13-40.92114.9284.14-162.98163.41N(KN)442.46275.30347.81517.52300.42300.21E0(mm)104.28146.71330.42162.41542.87542.89ea(mm)20.20.20.20.20.20.ei(mm)124.25165.96350.44182.34562.88562.89l0=1.0H4500.0l0/h9.0ξ11.01.01.01.01.01.0ξ21.01.01.01.01.01.0η1.231.171.091.171.061.06E(mm)361.31402.61586.92418.81799.68799.48e’(mm)61.4817.52166.931.05379.74379.61ηei151.92192.61377.43209.14589.25589.59配筋形式对称配筋ξ0.140.090.120.170.100.10偏心类型大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压AS=AS’(mm2)207.738.14460.754.26904.22904.23配筋318428实际AS763.002463.0078 表3.35五层柱正截面配筋楼层五层控制截面B5柱C5柱Nmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NNmax,MNmin,M|Mmax|,NM(KN.m)48.231.9997.92-32.62-103.78105.49N(KN)214.16122.21144.64237.41134.82134.62e0(mm)225.2616.54673.71135.42769.64769.66ea(mm)20.20.20.20.20.20.ei(mm)245.1136.14690.74155.13789.62789.54l0=1.0H4500.0l0/h9.0ξ11.01.01.01.01.01.0ξ21.01.01.01.01.01.0η1.121.761.051.181.041.04e(mm)481.82272.85927.26392.981026.221026.17e’(mm)61.74147.31510.2728.39608.45606.16ηei271.8262.82717.31181.66816.38816.125配筋形式对称配筋ξ0.081.210.050.080.050.05偏心类型大偏压小偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压大偏压AS=AS’(mm2)9.97491.43582.2453.57647.73647.84配筋318428实际AS763.002463.003、柱斜截面配筋计算《钢筋混凝土设计规范》查得:斜截面受剪承载能力计算公式:(78 当时,按构造配箍筋。N为剪力设计值相应轴力设计值,当N﹥0.3α1fcA时,选取N=0.3α1fcA,当时,取底层:,选取其它层:,选取柱斜截面配筋的计算过程以及结果见表3.36表3.36柱斜截面的配筋计算楼层控制截面剪力设计值(kN)计算配筋实际配筋五层B5B464.55154.96 8@200C5C473.25153.41 8@200四层B4B378.91168.38 8@200C4C3113.48164.96 8@200三层B3B288.79184.49 8@200C3C2139.44172.81 8@200二层B2B1116.99200.32 8@200C2C1162.74180.61 8@200一层B1B97.36216.48 8@200C1C167.88184.96 8@2003.3.10楼梯设计楼梯按板式楼梯设计,其楼梯平面布置图如图3.3-24所示,其踏步尺寸b×h=150mm×300mm,楼梯板的水平投影长3.3m,休息平台尺寸宽为3.0m×2m。楼梯的均布荷载标准值qk=2.5kN/m2,混凝土强度C30,fc=14.3N/mm2,ft=1.43N/mm2,板平台梁纵向受力钢筋取用HRB335级钢,fy=f'y=300N/mm2,平台梁箍筋取HPB300级钢筋,fy=f'y=270N/mm2。78 图3.27楼梯平面布置图1、楼梯斜板设计楼梯斜板水平投影的长度为3.6m,斜板长:L==3.76mL0/30~L0/25=(110~132)mm,取斜板厚为120mm,选取1.0m宽板带进行设计:(1)楼梯荷载统计①恒荷载标准值:水泥花砖地面:(0.3+0.15)×0.6/0.3=0.90kN/m混凝土踏步板:(25×0.3×0.15×1/2)/0.3=1.89kN/m120mm厚混凝土斜楼板:(25×0.12×3.76)/3.3=3.43kN/m20mm厚板抹灰:(0.02×17×3.76)/3.3=0.40kN/m恒荷载标准值:6.62kN/m②活荷载标准值的计算:2.5×1.0=2.50kN/m荷载设计值:F=1.2×6.62+1.4×2.5=11.24kN/m(2)截面设计斜板的水平计算跨度取:l0=3.3m,斜板与平台梁是现浇,故跨中弯矩设计值为:Mmax=F×l20/10Mmax=F×l20/10=×11.24×3.62/10=12.57kN·M,取其保护层厚度a=20mm,斜板的有效高度h0=h-a=1200-20=100mmαs===0.08978 ξ=1-=1-=0.091﹤ξb=0.55As===436.14mm2选取配筋8@110,As=457mm2,其中每踏步分别布置1根6分布筋。2、平台板的设计平台板取120mm厚,选取1m板带宽进行设计:(1)荷载计算①恒荷载标准值:水泥花砖地面:0.60×1.0=0.60kN/m120mm厚混凝土梯板:25×0.12×1.0=3.0kN/m20mm厚板底抹灰:0.02×17×1.0=0.34kN/m恒荷载标准值合计:3.940kN/m②活荷载标准值为:2.5×1.0=2.5kN/m荷载设计值:F=1.2×3.95+1.4×2.5=8.28kN/m(2)截面设计平台板的计算跨度l0=2.0m弯矩的设计值Mmax=F×l02/10=8.28×22/10=3.31kN·M保护层厚度取a=20mm,平台板的有效高度取h0=h-a=120-20=100mmαs===0.024ξ=1-=0.023﹤ξb=0.55γs=1-0.5ξ=1-0.5×0.023=0.990As===110.89mm2选取配筋6@150,As=189mm2,板分布筋选用6@2003、平台梁设计平台梁截面尺寸选取为b×h=200mm×300mm(1)荷载计算①恒荷载标准值:斜板传荷载:6.62×3.3/2=10.89kN/m78 平台板传来荷载:3.94×2.0/2=3.94kN/m梁的自重:25×0.2×(0.3-0.12)=0.90kN/m梁抹灰重:0.02×17×(0.3-0.12)×2=0.12kN/m恒载的标准值:15.86kN/m②活荷载标准值:2.5×(3.3/2+2.0/2)=6.65kN/m荷载设计值:F=1.2×15.86+1.4×6.65=28.32kN/m(2)截面设计平台梁的计算跨度:l0=1.05×ln=1.05×(3-0.1×2)=3.1m弯矩的设计值Mmax=F×l02/8=28.32×32/8=32.38kN·m剪力设计值V=F×ln/2=28.28×3/2=43.37kN界面按倒L形梁设计,其有效翼缘宽度b’f=b+5×h’f=200+5×120=800mm,保护层厚度取a=40mm,平台梁的有效高度取h0=h-a=300-40=260mmαs===0.081ξ=1-=0.085γs=1-0.5ξ=0.959As===834.54mm2纵向受力筋选用320钢筋,As=941mm2箍筋选用8@200钢筋,平台梁斜截面的承载力:=87.37kN﹥V=59.39kN,故满足要求。78 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致谢毕业设计作为本科学习的最后也是最重要的环节,是对我大学四年所学专业知识的考察和应用。通过本次设计,我对本专业有了更加深刻的理解,培养了我独立分析和解决实际工程问题的能力,也让我意识到自己的不足之处。在本次设计过程中,由于各种原因,我遇到了很多问题,通过彭晓彤老师的细心指导和同学们的热心帮助,使问题得以解决。在设计过程中彭老师多次询问设计进程,对我们精心点拨、热忱鼓励,并为我们指点迷津,正是他的细心指导和帮助,才使我的设计得以按时完成。在此,真诚的感谢彭老师!感谢在设计过程中帮助我的舍友及各位同学!由于缺乏实际设计经验,以及专业水平有限,在设计中存在一些问题或错误在所难免,恳请各位老师和同学批评指正,我会及时改正并在以后的学习和工作中努力完善。感谢父母在我设计最紧张的时候给我的鼓舞和精神支持!再次谢谢老师!谢谢各位同学!致谢人:刘凯78'